Bilateral. A bilateral modification (supplemental agreement) is a contract modification that is signed by the con- tractor and the contracting officer. Bi- lateral modifications are used to—
Bilateral. A bilateral amendment is a change that is signed by the Recipient and the AO. Bilateral amendments are used to reflect other agreements of the parties amending the terms of the Agreement.
Bilateral. A recent trend in bilateral and regional free trade agreements has been to xx- xxxxx non-violation complaints applicable to the respective provisions on IPRs. In most cases, these non-violation clauses do not appear in the intellectual property chapter of the agreement, but in a separate dispute settlement chapter.156
Bilateral. Parity describes committees created by the parties pursuant to the Collective Agreement which contain equal numbers of representatives of each of the parties.
Bilateral it is entered into by two or more persons and the rights and obligations arising therefrom are reciprocal
Bilateral. If it is for compensation because it gives rise to reciprocal rights and obligations
Bilateral. The protection of geographical indications has increasingly become the subject matter of bilateral trade and investment agreements. Particularly by creating an agreed register of protected indications, countries avoid subsequent disputes as to particular terms. It is not so clear the extent to which such bilateral agree- ments serve the interests of consumers since they are likely to reflect the influence of producers in the negotiating process. Moreover, to the extent that such bilat- eral agreements establish protection for producers from one country, they may effectively foreclose producers from another country to challenge the decision to confer protection. In this way, bilateral protection agreements may undermine the MFN principle by conferring more extensive protections to some Members over others.420 There are a large number of bilateral and mini-lateral agreements that incor- porate protection of geographical indications, either in a general provision or through the acceptance of an agreed-upon register. It is in particular the EC that has been very active in this respect. Recently, the EC has concluded several bi- lateral agreements referring to the protection of GIs, in particular with Australia, Chile, Mexico and South Africa. A more detailed discussion of these agreements would, however, go beyond the scope of this book.
Bilateral. The Iranian right and Imamieh Jurisprudence, from which Iranian civil law is derived, have never mentioned bilateral and promissory. But in Imamieh Jurisprudence, the concept of reciprocal and consideration especially in the sale contract, is stated and has many applications; accordingly, one of the divisions of contracts by the civil right’ authors is the division of reciprocal contracts and free contracts. (Emami, 2000, P. 181). French lawyers have divided the contracts into bilateral and unilateral in other words, the contracts requiring both parties and contracts requiring one party. bilateral contracts in the French law are contracts in which reciprocal obligations are implemented on the parties, such as the sale and lease debt, and in return, unilateral contracts only implement a commitment on one party and the obligee does not take the responsibility of anything. Such as debt, promise contracts, free attorney and ... (Safai, ibid, p. 33). Some Iranian lawyers believe that the division of contracts into a unilateral and bilateral in Iranian law is redundant: “The division was created based on the idea that the effect of the contract is limited to creating commitment and in possessory and permission contracts commitment is an unclear issue. It is therefore incomplete and misleading and should be ignored. In addition, the division of contracts into "reciprocal" and "free" has no practical benefits; because, in our legal system any reciprocal contract has a mutual commitment and any contract in which there are two commitments is a reciprocal one. Also, free contract is in compliance with the unilateral contract. The concept of the reciprocal contract and free contract in the France law is not consistent with ours; so we don’t need to divide the contracts like them. (Katouzian, 1995, p. 123). Xxxxxxxxx says: "Thus, it is better not to divide the contracts traditionally into free and reciprocal contracts but to replace them with bilateral and unilateral division; the division that does not have practical benefit is better to be neglected". (Ibid., P. 141). One of the lawyers while accepting this division of rights, believes that it has advantages, for example the Civil Code, including Article 362 and 390 and 391 (guarantee of perception) and a couple of others, are the application of this division (Xxxx Xxxxxxxxxxxx, 1999, p. 70). Also it has been said that although often reciprocal contracts are bilateral and free contracts are unilateral, some contracts...
Bilateral. It will be more usual for the developer and the LPA to enter into early negotiations on an agreement which will be finalised before planning permission has been granted. Such agreements will be an obligation on both parties to implement and are therefore referred to as bilateral agreements.
