Cultural tourism and sustainable cultural development. The membership of cities in the network is seen by the EFNC team as an opportunity for visibility within a sustainable cultural development project that concerns both the EFNC and its CR certification (zoom interview and telephone conversation). Since the nineteenth century, culture- and knowledge-based tourism has been a means of bringing together different people from a wide variety of backgrounds. This Cultural Route is mainly based on urban tours and, during and just after the pandemic, it suffered from the lesser presence or absence of visitors, although it should be remembered that the lockdown rules were not the same in the different member countries. The idea of sustainability that is carried by the Presidency of Xxxxxxx Xxxxxxxxx touches on both consumption patterns, economies and the challenges of the present with regard to "today, a decarbonised economy, less energy-consuming consumption", which refers to the awareness of the importance of creating routes with less ecological impact. The basic idea behind the involvement of the EFNC in tourism is, on the one hand, its economic significance, especially for the 'minor' cities, but also, on the other hand, the possibility of differentiating the tourist offer through secondary themes in places where tourism is (or rather was if we consider the years 2020 and 2021) flourishing. The themes developed by the network on a scientific level have given rise to numerous initiatives in the field of classical cultural tourism. This is the case of urban tours aimed at visiting cities (the recent accession of Plymouth fits into this framework) and visits specifically prepared for audiences with a "strong Napoleonic interest", as in the case of the Memorial to the Battle of Waterloo 1815 in Belgium. The Xxxxxxxx Xxxxxxxxx theme also lends itself to tourism in rural and less urbanised areas thanks to the complex but necessary references to military campaigns: in this sense, the network has worked on cross-border cartography between Portugal and Spain and on the urban tours of Ajaccio and Lucca in the framework of Franco-Italian collaboration. With regard to these tours, through the GRITACCESS project, a digital application "NApp" has been produced for the visit of Ajaccio (in four languages, including Corsican) and Lucca (in three languages). With a view to a slow visit to discover the area using a means of transport with limited ecological impact, Pontivy Communauté proposes, in partnership with the intercommunit...
