Methodological background Sample Clauses

Methodological background. The identification of benefits constitutes a part of the Benefits-Costs analysis, therefore, to carry out this phase the European Commission’s Guide to Cost-Benefit Analysis of Investment Projects is used as a methodological reference. The objective of the guide reflects a specific requirement for the European Commission to offer practical guidance on major project appraisals, as embodied in the cohesion policy legislation for 2014-2020. Following the guide, the benefit identification and analysis is structured in five steps, described in the following paragraphs: • Description of the contest, • Definition of objectives, • Case study identification, • Benefit analysis, • Risk assessment.
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Methodological background. The process of assessing seismic hazard can be divided into three principle tasks, as shown in the often-reproduced figure from TERA Corporation (1980), shown here as Figure 1. These tasks are the identification of seismic sources, the description of seismic sources in terms of the characteristics of the earthquake activity, and the characterisation of the propagation of strong ground motion from earthquakes occurring in those sources. It is often the case that a seismic hazard project is divided into two areas of work: seismic source characterisation (SSC) and ground motion characterisation (GMC). The SSC part of a project is a combination of the first two tasks, while the GMC part is the third task. The purpose of this report is to discuss the second task, the characterisation of earthquake recurrence within a seismic source; in particular, within a seismic source zone (SSZ), taken to be an area containing one or more populations of faults such that one can reasonably conclude that there is an equal chance of an earthquake occurring anywhere within the SSZ. For SSZs, the key to assessing earthquake activity is largely through analysis of the relevant section of the regional earthquake catalogue. For fault sources, other approaches can be used based on slip rate. Two assumptions are generally made about earthquake occurrence within a SSZ: firstly, that seismicity follows a Poisson process, and secondly, that seismicity follows a Xxxxxxxxx- Xxxxxxx power law model according to equation (1). Log N = a – b M (1) In equation (1), N is the cumulative number of earthquakes per year equal to or greater than magnitude M, and a and b are constants. Equation (1) can also be written Figure 1 - Elements of seismic hazard assessment (TERA 1980) Log N = a – b ( M – m0) (2) where m0 represents a threshold magnitude of interest. Note that neither assumption is absolutely necessary in probabilistic seismic hazard assessment (PSHA), but they are usually found to be an adequate representation of reality. If these assumptions are taken as applicable, it follows that the earthquake behaviour of a SSZ can be adequately described by three parameters: the a and b constants in equation (1), and the maximum possible earthquake, Mmax. This last is required; from equation (1) it would be possible to infer that there is an infinitely small possibility of an infinitely large earthquake, which is not the case. Equation (1) has to be considered as truncated at some upper bound magnitude...
Methodological background. Material flow accounting is a tool for measuring the use of natural resources and for analysing the flows of materials through economic activities. Material flow accounts have been developed in many countries and the indicators are used for improving material efficiency. Information provided by material flow statistics is essential for achieving the goal of eco-efficiency as reducing the use of materials in the economy and their environmental impacts. The relevance of purely physical material flow statistics and balances alone for policy and decision-making purposes is often seen to be quite low. The use of physical statistics in environmental accounting is aimed at connecting data on material flow to other data in economic sectors or product groups reflecting economic sectors involved and thus improve and expand the information produced by material flow statistics for policy formulation and decision-making in both environmental and economic spheres. For these purposes the data on material flows are also applied in the SEEA and NAMEA frameworks. The use of material flow statistics in modelling including both physical and economic components, input-output approaches, and linking material flows to information on environmental quality and land use are expected to further expand their usefulness. In the preliminary stage of the pilot project we studied the methodological recommendations of Eurostat and filtered the relevant parts applicable for the Slovenian economy. We followed the economy-wide material balance scheme of Eurostat so we also excluded air and water flows. In the scope of this project we concentrated on the direct material input categories: domestic extraction of raw materials and biomass as well as import and export. We were only working on the compilation of the direct flows for the following reasons: • the data are more easily available therefore we do not need complicated estimations and assumptions; • in the field data are more reliable compared to indirect flows, which are not easy to be estimated. MFA tables and databases are methodologically consistent with the Eurostat recommendations together with the description of the tables and results in order to efficiently contribute to the harmonised system of the European material flow accounts. We calculated two indicators DMI and DMC for 2000–2005. Direct material inputs (DMI) are all solid, liquid and gaseous materials that enter the economy for further use, either in production or consumpti...

Related to Methodological background

  • Methodology 1. The price at which the Assuming Institution sells or disposes of Qualified Financial Contracts will be deemed to be the fair market value of such contracts, if such sale or disposition occurs at prevailing market rates within a predefined timetable as agreed upon by the Assuming Institution and the Receiver.

  • Project Background 6.1.1. Brief description of Contracting Agency’s project background and/or situation leading to this Project

  • For Product Development Projects and Project Demonstrations  Published documents, including date, title, and periodical name.  Estimated or actual energy and cost savings, and estimated statewide energy savings once market potential has been realized. Identify all assumptions used in the estimates.  Greenhouse gas and criteria emissions reductions.  Other non-energy benefits such as reliability, public safety, lower operational cost, environmental improvement, indoor environmental quality, and societal benefits.  Data on potential job creation, market potential, economic development, and increased state revenue as a result of the project.  A discussion of project product downloads from websites, and publications in technical journals.  A comparison of project expectations and performance. Discuss whether the goals and objectives of the Agreement have been met and what improvements are needed, if any.

  • Processes Any employer, employee, trade union or employer’s association may at any point in time apply for an exemption from any of the provisions of this Collective Agreement. The applicant is required to complete and submit in writing with the relevant office of the Council, a fully and properly completed prescribed application for exemption form, accompanied by all relevant supporting documentation.

  • Protocols Each party hereby agrees that the inclusion of additional protocols may be required to make this Agreement specific. All such protocols shall be negotiated, determined and agreed upon by both parties hereto.

  • Background Screening VENDOR shall comply with all requirements of Sections 1012.32 and 1012.465, Florida Statutes, and all of its personnel who (1) are to be permitted access to school grounds when students are present, (2) will have direct contact with students, or (3) have access or control of school funds, will successfully complete the background screening required by the referenced statutes and meet the standards established by the statutes. This background screening will be conducted by SBBC in advance of VENDOR or its personnel providing any services under the conditions described in the previous sentence. VENDOR shall bear the cost of acquiring the background screening required by Section 1012.32, Florida Statutes, and any fee imposed by the Florida Department of Law Enforcement to maintain the fingerprints provided with respect to VENDOR and its personnel. The parties agree that the failure of VENDOR to perform any of the duties described in this section shall constitute a material breach of this Agreement entitling SBBC to terminate immediately with no further responsibilities or duties to perform under this Agreement. VENDOR agrees to indemnify and hold harmless SBBC, its officers and employees from any liability in the form of physical or mental injury, death or property damage resulting from VENDOR’s failure to comply with the requirements of this section or with Sections 1012.32 and 1012.465, Florida Statutes.

  • Basis of compilation This statement of eligible expenditure has been prepared to meet the requirements of the grant agreement between [enter Grantee name] and the Commonwealth represented by the Department of Industry, Science, Energy and Resources. Significant accounting policies applied in the compilation of the statement of grant income and expenditure include the following: [enter details] Certification by directors [if not director, replace with appropriate equivalent] [Grantee name] [Project number] For the period [dd/ mm/yyyy] to [dd/ mm/yyyy] We confirm that, to the best of our knowledge and believe, having made such enquiries as we considered necessary for the purpose of appropriately informing ourselves: Statement of grant income and expenditure We have fulfilled our responsibilities for the preparation of the statement of grant income and expenditure in accordance with the cash basis of accounting and the terms of the grant agreement with the Commonwealth, represented by the Department of Industry, Science, Energy and Resources dated [enter date]; in particular, the statement of grant income and expenditure presents fairly in accordance therewith. All events subsequent to the date of the statement of grant income and expenditure which require adjustment or disclosure so as to present fairly the statement of grant income and expenditure, have been adjusted or disclosed. [Where applicable] The effects of uncorrected misstatements are immaterial, both individually and in the aggregate, to the statement of grant income and expenditure as a whole. A list of the uncorrected misstatements is attached to this representation letter. That all Grantee contributions and other financial assistance were spent for the purpose of the project and in accordance with the grant agreement and that the Grantee has complied with the grant agreement and relevant accounting policies. That salaries and allowances paid to persons involved in the project are in accordance with any applicable award or agreement in force under any relevant law on industrial or workplace relations. Signature Name [enter name] Director Date [dd/mm/yyyy] Signature Name [enter name] Director Date [dd/mm/yyyy] For Auditor use only I certify that this statement of grant income and expenditure is the one used to prepare my independent audit report dated [enter date] for the Department of Industry, Science, Energy and Resources. Signature Name [enter name] Position [enter position] Auditor’s employer [enter employer name] Date [dd/mm/yyyy] Attachment B - Independent audit report Background for auditors The purpose of the independent audit report is to provide us with an auditor's opinion on the Grantee’s statement of grant income and expenditure. The statement of grant income and expenditure is prepared by the Grantee to correspond with the expenditure reported to the department by the Grantee for the same period, in the process of claiming grant payments. The independent audit report must be prepared by a person who is an approved auditor. An approved auditor is a person who is: registered as a company auditor under the Corporations Xxx 0000 or an appropriately qualified member of Chartered Accountants Australia and New Zealand, or of CPA Australia or the Institute of Public Accountants; and not a principal, member, shareholder, officer, agent, subcontractor or employee of the Grantee or of a related body corporate or a Connected Entity. The audit should be undertaken and reported in accordance with Australian Auditing Standards. The independent audit report must follow the required format and include any qualification regarding the matters on which the auditor provides an opinion. We may follow up any qualifications with the Grantee or auditor. The independent audit report must be submitted on the auditor's letterhead. Auditors must comply with the professional requirements of Chartered Accountants Australia and New Zealand, CPA Australia and the Institute of Public Accountants in the conduct of their audit. If the auditor forms an opinion that the statement of grant income and expenditure does not give a true and fair view of the eligible expenditure for the period, the independent audit report should be qualified and the error quantified in the qualification section of the independent audit report. The required independent audit report format follows. Auditor’s report Independent audit report in relation to [Grantee name]’s statement of grant income and expenditure to the Commonwealth, represented by the Department of Industry, Science, Energy and Resources (the department). We have audited: the accompanying statement of grant income and expenditure of [Grantee name] for the period [dd/mm/yyyy] to [dd/mm/yyyy], a summary of significant accounting policies and other explanatory information, and management’s attestation statement thereon (together “the financial statement”). The financial statement has been prepared by management using the cash basis of accounting described in note 3.2 to the financial statement; and [Grantee name]'s compliance with the terms of the grant agreement between [Grantee name] and the Commonwealth dated [date of agreement] for the period [dd/mm/yyyy] to [dd/mm/yyyy] (the grant agreement). We have: reviewed [Grantee name]’s statement of labour costs in support of its claim of eligible expenditure[; and performed limited assurance procedures on [Grantee name]’s statement of employee numbers under the grant agreement]. Management’s responsibility Management is responsible for: the preparation and fair presentation of the financial statement in accordance with the basis of accounting described in note 3.2, this includes determining that the cash basis of accounting is an acceptable basis for the preparation of the financial statement in accordance with the grant agreement; compliance with the terms of the grant agreement; the preparation of the statement of employee numbers and labour costs in support of eligible expenditure; and such internal control as management determines is necessary to: enable the preparation of the financial statement and the statement of [employee numbers and ]labour costs that are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error; and enable compliance with the terms of the grant agreement. Auditor’s responsibility Our responsibilities are: To express an opinion, based on our audit, on: the financial statement; and [Grantee name]’s compliance, in all material respects, with the terms of the grant agreement; and To conclude based on: our review procedures, on the statement of labour costs; and our limited assurance procedures on the statement of employee numbers. We conducted our audit of the financial statement in accordance with Australian Auditing Standards; our audit of compliance with the grant agreement in accordance with ASAE 3100, our review of the statement of labour costs in accordance with ASRE 2405[; and our limited assurance procedures on employee numbers in accordance with ASAE 3000]. The applicable Standards require that we comply with relevant ethical requirements and plan and perform our work to: obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statement is free from material misstatement and that [Grantee name] has complied, in all material respects, with the terms of the grant agreement; and obtain limited assurance as to whether anything has come to our attention that causes us to believe that the statements of employee numbers and labour costs are materially misstated. An audit involves performing procedures to obtain audit evidence about the amounts and disclosures in the financial statement and about the Grantee’s compliance with the grant agreement. The procedures selected depend on the auditor’s judgement, including the assessment of the risks of material misstatement of the financial statement, whether due to fraud or error. In making those risk assessments, the auditor considers internal control relevant to the Grantee’s preparation and fair presentation of the financial statement, and to the Grantee’s compliance with the grant agreement, in order to design audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Grantee’s internal control. An audit also includes evaluating the appropriateness of accounting policies used by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statement.

  • Examples (i) The taxpayer has received a statutory notice of deficiency, under I.R.C. Sec. 6212, which entitles the taxpayer to seek Tax Court review of a proposed tax deficiency. This is not a delinquent tax because it is not a final tax liability. Should the taxpayer seek Tax Court review, this will not be a final tax liability until the taxpayer has exercised all judicial appeal rights.

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