Moving towards Sample Clauses

Moving towards implementation 1. the hypothecation of government revenues to specific programmes and actions represents a challenge in all countries, including Japan. The possibility of setting up hypothecation depends on the general political outlook – for example, it is understood that the DPJ wishes to reduce the amount of revenue that is hypothecated in favour of it being directed into general coffers; 2. while it may be within the resources of the sector to finance the early stages of RDD&D, implementation is likely to involve a step change in expenditure. The examples in the text above show that a levy of around $1/tonne steel would fund early CCS RDD&D. If it were implemented, CCS would be likely to cost around $25-100/t steel in Japan ($50-200/tCO2 captured) – there is a major step change to overcome. There is thus a danger in this hypothetical example that companies may not make the necessary savings to allow them to continue to operate if and when CCS were introduced, and a mechanism to help smooth progress over the step may be necessary ; 3. how much the sector is willing to put in depends on how much it is already putting in, and whether it feels that this is fair, including in comparison to its competitors. For a region such as the EU where there is already an ETS with a significant carbon price, the sector will find it easier to argue that extra regulations and their costs would be an unfair burden. There may be more chance to argue that raising additional revenues from the sector would be possible in a country like Japan without an ETS, and this case will be much easier to make if some or all of the additional revenues were hypothecated for the benefit of the sector itself. This consideration is a key one within the design of the SAAM for Japanese steel within this study. Again from the initial consultations, we can identify the factors that appear to resonate to sell the SAAM within Japan: o Technology leadership (and sales overseas); o Contribution to the green economy; o Reduces exposure to fossil fuel price rises; o Improvement of security of supply. Many of the issues raised in the report are generic in their type (e.g. the issue of hypothecation is common to many countries) or in their solution (e.g. many countries wish to demonstrate CCS). International fora – notably the OECD’s Steel Committee – offer the option to both promote any Japanese scheme and to investigate whether it could be internationalised. Climate Strategies Policy Recommendations pa...

Moving towards a single CAO for the performing arts