Other Data Sources. The Parties share a desire to ensure that ESI is produced in an acceptable, searchable format. The Parties recognize that certain, limited ESI may not be amenable to the proposed technical specifications. The Parties will make reasonable efforts to identify documents that cannot be produced or converted in an acceptable, searchable format due to technical difficulties (such as corruption, password protection, digital rights management, or proprietary software associated to the file). Identified exception files will be listed on a log that includes each file’s name, custodian, and reason for the exception. The Parties will make reasonable efforts to ensure that documents produced in native form are decrypted (or that passwords are supplied). The Parties will meet and confer in good faith to reach agreement regarding these issues and the appropriate form of production and will seek Court intervention if necessary.
Other Data Sources. In addition to the constructed transaction data, our study uses other data sources. One main other source to which our transaction data are bridged is banks’ balance- sheet information from WIND, which allows us to compute the correlation of en- trusted lending off balance sheet and risky investment on balance sheet as discussed in Section 2.4.2. WIND contains balance-sheet information of listed banks. When an announced transaction identifies the name of the bank, we link the transaction to the WIND information of this bank. For balance-sheet information of xxxxxxxxx xxxxx, we resort to Bankscope. If the balance-sheet information of a particular bank is un- available from WIND or Bankscope, we search the website for this particular bank to obtain its annual reports. There are a total of 19 banks listed in the Hongkong, Shenzhen, or Shanghai Exchange. In 2013, these 19 banks possessed 70% of the total assets of 164 banks and nonbank trustees covered by Bankscope. The five large banks and most joint-stock commercial banks were listed during our sample period. Some local banks or foreign banks are not covered by Bankscope. These missing banks are usually very small and most likely unlisted.10 Bankscope contains information re- lated to capital adequacy ratio and loan-to-deposit ratio; WIND contains information related to excess reserves and other nonloan asset categories. Annual reports (in pdf form) of listed nonfinancial companies as well as listed banks are manually collected from the WIND dataset. The WIND dataset also con- tains some financial information of both banks and nonfinancial firms, which helps expedite the process of data collection and organization as well as verify the accuracy of our constructed dataset. annual report of a listed nonfinancial company may also contain information about entrusted loans, as used by Xxxxx et al. (2015). The scope of our paper, however, com- pels us to use information contained in announcements of entrusted loans for several reasons. First, announcements are more likely to disclose names of the banks than annual reports. Of all the transactions in our sample, most facilitating trustees are 10In 2015, China had 3 policy banks, 5 state-owned banks, 12 joint-stock banks, 120 local banks, and 75 foreign banks. Policy banks are simply the arms of the PBC for carrying out monetary policy operations and thus are treated as part of the central bank, not commercial banks. identified by announcements except 52 banks and o...
Other Data Sources. Administrative Data (budget, program costs, and personnel, etc.)
