We use cookies on our site to analyze traffic, enhance your experience, and provide you with tailored content.

For more information visit our privacy policy.

Computational Cost Sample Clauses

Computational Cost. As can be seen from the Table 1 and Figure 4, there is a huge advantage in computation costs. With respect to computation costs, the hash operation is the most efficient operation, compared to elliptic curve multiplication, elliptic curve addition or encryption. Table 1 Comparison of the computation costs. (Tm=Time for EC point multiplication, Ta=Time for EC point addition, Ts=Time for encryption, Th= Time for hash operation Entity [36] This Device MEC TTP 7Tm + 2Ta + 2Ts + 12Th 2Th 7Tm + 2Ta + 2Ts + 13Th 2Th 9Tm + 4Ta + 4Ts + 13Th 3Th By using the average computational time in [35] for different cryptographic operations in different devices, we compare the average computation time in a practical implementation. Here we assume Zolertia RE-xxxx as the MIoT node, Raspberry PI3B+ as the MEC node and PC Intel Core i7-8750HCPU as the TTP or the cloud. As can be seen from Figure 4, the proposed solution has a significant performance advantage over the system proposed in [36].
Computational Cost. In this subsection, the proposed scheme is compared with the schemes proposed by Xxx et al. [51], Xxxxxx et al. [53], Xxxxx et al. [42] and Xxxxx et al. [54]. The key results obtained from the comparison are shown in Table II to determine the effectiveness of the proposed scheme. The COMPARISON OF COMPUTATIONAL COSTS (IN MILLISECONDS) Schemes 𝒟ℛ𝒩𝑢/smart IoT device 𝒟ℛ𝒩𝑣/smart IoT device Total (in milliseconds) Das et al [51] 5.28 5.28 10.56 Xxxxxx et al [53] 5.28 5.28 10.56 Xxxxx et al [42] 8.62 18.65 27.27 Xxxxx et al [54] 5.28 5.28 10.56 Proposed 2.88 2.88 5.76
Computational CostIn the case of n = 3, the average total time for the protocol is 0.8 s. This includes the time taken by the LBS to send the candidate locations. Security Analysis Assuming the following adversarial model: The participants, the server, and LBS are assumed to be honest-but- curious. the participants are assumed to have a pre-established pairwise secure channel Our protocol achieves the following security properties:
Computational Cost. No expensive and major operations like ECPM and M-Exp are involved in our proposed scheme. In designed scheme [12], four ECPM and two M-Exp operations and in scheme [8] two M-Exp are used. Graph in Fig. 4 shows that our scheme is efficient in computation cost as compare to [12], as compare to [8] and as compare to [23]. In our scheme we implement the experiment done in [24] on MICA2 sensor that is operational with low power ATmega128 8-bit micro-controller at 7.3728 MHz, 128 KB nonvolatile memory ( ROM) and 4 KB volatile memory ( RAM). One major operation ECPM uses 0.81s using 160 bits elliptic curve [25] and RSA 1024 bits M-Exp takes 22 seconds [26]. DES encryption and decryption execution time [27] is same which 4.543859 seconds. We calculate the computation cost of our scheme in comparison with the [8], [12] on the basis of the results of [23], [24], [26]-[28]. According to scheme [28] the 3rd generation MICA2 needs 2.66s for pairing computation. The computational time of our proposed scheme is negligible as compared with others existing schemes [8], [12] because we used symmetric algorithm for encryption and decryption as well as our scheme is more suitable for resource constraint environment of BSN. One ECPM operation consumes 19.1Mj and one pairing computation operation consumes 62.73mJ energy [24], [28]. Our scheme have no major operation so energy consumption as compared to others existing schemes is negligible. TABLE II. ASSOCIATED PARAMETER AND DATA SIZE INVOLVED IN DATA COMMUNICATION RSA Key 1024 bits ECC Key 160 bits DES Session Key 64 bits Master Secret Key 128 bits Sensor ID 48 bits 16 bits 1) Computation cost of our proposed scheme is compared with scheme [8] as: Computation cost efficiency: 2) Computation cost of our proposed scheme is compared with scheme [12] as: Computation cost efficiency: 3) Computation cost of our proposed scheme is compared with scheme [23] as: Computation cost efficiency:
Computational Cost. When comparing the results obtained between experiments and various numerical models, one has to keep in mind the cost associated to each of these numerical approaches. Indeed, this parameter varies quite significantly depending on the considered approach and it may orient the decision to prefer one to another. Therefore, this section aims at comparing it for the three methods of interest in this paper. It will enable to add context to the presented results and analyse the obtained results through a new angle. It includes the time necessary to go from the definition of the model to the post-processed data. The time taken for each simulation technique is mentioned step-wise in Table 11 and Table 12. Table 11 indicates the time taken for the simulations with only current flow. Table 12 indicates the time taken for the simulations with current and waves. For time domain numerical simulations, the indicated time is the time taken to attain a converged solution for 30 seconds of time-series data. The values are provided based on the Edinburgh generic turbine running at TSR = 7 in order to ensure comparable information. For the flow only condition, the time presented in Table 11 is for 12 computational seconds of the BEMT-CFD model. The time provided is only indicative and meant to provide the reader a guidance about the scale of compu- tational effort required for each simulation technique. It may also be noted that for this comparison study, all numerical models are assumed to be ready-to-exploit and bug-free, i.e. the time associated with the develop- ment of the numerical code and bug fixing are not included. Also, the time expend for re-running of simulations is also not included. Finally, the total simulation time has to be put in perspective of the CPU specifications used for each code. It represents the parallelisation capacity applied on the calculation process to reduce its computation time. As such, even if BEMT-CFD and Blade-Resolved CFD have similar total simulation time, Blade-Resolved CFD numerical model has a significantly higher cost. Table 11: Comparison of computation time for different models (Edinburgh generic turbine at TSR = 7 - Flow only case) Event BEMT BEMT-CFD Blade-Resolved CFD Specification Duration - (Convection of the wake along the domain) ° Pre-processing 20 mins 9 hours 24 hours Simulation Computation 5 secs 2 days for 12 s 3 days Time Post-processing 5 mins 2 hours 2 hours Total Time 25 mins 2.5 days 4 days CPU Processor Intel ...
Computational CostIn order to compare the computational costs in this section, we have focused on examining lightweight schemes based on symmetric cryptography. Although our scheme incurs higher computational load compared to some previous schemes, it has achieved greater security. Table 3 presents a comparison of the computational costs between our proposed scheme and similar schemes. It is evident that our protocol exhibits higher computational costs compared to the majority of existing protocols. However, it is important to note that all schemes lighter than our proposed scheme lack the ability to withstand the CK-Adversary model. The only design proposed within the CK-Adversary threat model is [32]. As shown in Table 3, our proposed scheme is more efficient than [32]. Therefore, we can conclude that our proposed scheme successfully balances security and efficiency, making it suitable for real- world network implementations

Related to Computational Cost

  • Computation In the event the Prime Rate is changed from time to time hereafter, the applicable rate of interest hereunder shall be increased or decreased, effective as of the day the Prime Rate is changed, by an amount equal to such change in the Prime Rate. All interest chargeable under the Loan Documents shall be computed on the basis of a three hundred sixty (360) day year for the actual number of days elapsed.

  • Additional Costs The Borrower shall promptly pay to the Agent for the account of a Lender from time to time such amounts as such Lender may determine to be necessary to compensate such Lender for any costs incurred by such Lender that it reasonably determines are attributable to its making, continuing, converting or maintaining of any LIBOR Rate Loans or its obligation to make any LIBOR Rate Loans hereunder (such amounts shall be based upon a reasonable allocation thereof by such Lender to any LIBOR Rate Loans made by such Lender hereunder), any reduction in any amount receivable by such Lender under this Agreement or any of the other Loan Documents in respect of any of such Loans or such obligation or the maintenance by such Lender of capital or liquidity in respect of its Loans or its Commitment (such increases in costs and reductions in amounts receivable being herein called “Additional Costs”), resulting from any Regulatory Change, and solely to the extent that such Lender generally imposes such Additional Costs on other similarly situated borrowers of such Lender in similar circumstances (to the extent such Lender has the right to do so), that: (i) changes the basis of taxation of any amounts payable to such Lender under this Agreement or any of the other Loan Documents in respect of any of such Loans or its Commitment (other than Excluded Taxes); or (ii) imposes or modifies any reserve, special deposit, liquidity or similar requirements (other than Regulation D of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System or other reserve requirement to the extent utilized in the determination of the LIBOR Base Rate for such Loan) relating to any extensions of credit or other assets of, or any deposits with or other liabilities of, such Lender, or any commitment of such Lender (including, without limitation, the Commitments of such Lender hereunder); or (iii) has or would have the effect of reducing the rate of return on capital of such Lender to a level below that which such Lender could have achieved but for such Regulatory Change (taking into consideration such Lender’s policies with respect to capital adequacy and liquidity).