Gasification. System For this innovative XL project, start-up of the gasification system will occur at the end of the commissioning phase and in any event no later than three years following the execution of the Department of Energy Cooperative Funding Agreement for this project. For the purposes of this FPA, the term “start-up” refers to the gasification system unless otherwise noted. This start-up date will trigger the 180-day period for performance testing as may be required by the site-specific MACT II.
Gasification. The heating values of gases produced by oxygen blown gasification fall in the range of 200 to 400 Btu/SCF. The Hydrogen (H2) content of these fuels are normally above 30% by volume and have HI/CO mole ratio between 0.5 to 0.8. Oxygen blown gasification fuels are often mixed with steam for thermal NO(x) control, cycle efficiency improvement and/or power augmentation. When utilized, the steam is injected into the combustor by an independent passage. Due to high hydrogen content of these fuels, oxygen blown gasification fuels are normally not suitable for Dry Low NO(x) (DLN) applications. (See Table 2) The high flame speeds resulting from high hydrogen fuels can result in flashback or primary zone re-ignition on DLN pre-mixed combustion systems. Utilization of these fuels shall be reviewed by GE.
Gasification. Coal 1 Coal Handling Cyclone DSRP w/ Scrubber 8 Sulfur 8 Gypsum Fuel Gas to Burner Air Coal Crusher/ Dryer GTI DSP GTI Compact Gasifier w/ Quench Cooler GTI POx Slag Handling 12 ZnO Polishing 16 Bed Syngas to Liquids 17 AACRP CO2 Dehydration 18A Product Recovery 18C Product Upgrading 19 Naphtha/ Diesel Exhaust Gas N2 Air 3 O2 H2 ASU 18 F-T Liquids 20B 18B Hydrogen Recovery H2 20A 4 O2 Power Generation Fuel Gas Natural Gas GTI NG POx Unit w/ Quench 13 Cooler Water Gas Shift Syngas Cooling/ Fuel Gas Heating 14 Water Separation HRSG Gas Turbine Steam Turbine GTI POx • Pilot testing data was used to model the FT process Reaction Conditions Pilot Performance Data Temperature- 218°C Pressure- 300 psig Feed H2/CO- 2.11 Pressure Drop- 1.5 bar CO Conversion- 72.7% Product Selectivity CO2 Selectivity- 4.3% CH4 Selectivity-20.1% C2 Selectivity-1.4% C3 Selectivity-1.0% C4 Selectivity-0.8% C5 Selectivity-0.9% C5+ Selectivity-71.7% • The FT-liquids collected in the product fractionator were separated into three liquid streams: Naphtha C5 saturates to 350°F (177°C) Middle Distillate 350°F - 650°F (177°C - 343°C) Wax Greater than 650°F (343°C)
Gasification. Contract "The Parties will promote the use of CNG/LNG as a transportation fuel" Building pipelines Building CNG FS Converting corporate vehs Buying OEM NGVs Providing land for CNG FS Converting local vehs Buying OEM NGVs Province Regional legislation and regulations Gazprom National legislation Players International institutes Gazprom Russian Railways NGVRUS Russian Gas Society Government Government LPG/CNG commission Ministry of transport Ministry of agriculture Subsidized credits Governors Private fleets Mayors Individuals Municipal fleets Mass media Challenges Political Financial Technical Marketing Favorable Leg/Reg Resources $ Mechanisms Suppliers Building up customers
Gasification. Gasification of (waste derived) fuels is an exothermic process that produces heat, ashes plus a product gas (or synthesis gas, “syngas”) that contains large fractions of combustible gases H2 and CO. An example for plastics waste processing by this route is given in Figure 3.12. A study by ICI, Texaco and University of Ghent (Belgium) from 1996 [10] showed that PU waste from refrigerators can be gasified, with the benefit that chlorine (from CFCs) is bound by the ammonia formed (from PU nitrogen) to form ammonium chloride (NH4Cl). The process given above needs a pumpable liquid feedstock which is obtained by liquefaction; the gasification takes place in oxygen at 1200-1500°C, 20-80 bar, where a residence time of a few seconds gives a 98-99 % conversion into gases plus a slag. The CO produced can be used to produce isocyanates for new PU material, the hydrogen can be used to produce other PU feedstocks suh as formaldehyde and polyether. In the UK, a gasifier plant for nitrogen-containing organic residues from BASF plc’s Seal Sand plant was recently taken into use [69,70]. Around 110.000 t/yr residues from acrylonitrile synthesis are gasified, a liquid, ash-free mixture containing nitriles, amines and ammonia sulphates with nitrogen contents up to 24 %-wt. These are gasified at 1400°C, 30 bar in steam + oxygen to a gas with the following specification: < 10 mg/m3 STP dust, < 25 mg/m3 STP sulphur (H2S, COS), < 20 mg/m3 STP bound nitrogen (NH3, HCN), pressure > 25 bar. The gasifier is an entrained flow gasifier of the Xxxxx type shown in Figure 3.13. These reactors are suitable for homogeneous solid (coal, petcoke) and liquid fuels (sludges and tars). Figure 3.12 Plastics waste liquefaction / gasification [10] Figure 3.13 Xxxxx Entrained-Flow Gasification reactors [28,29]
Gasification. Capacity of LNG Facility: The maximum quantity of LNG that can be gasified during one Day at the LNG Facility (MWh/Day). LNG Vessel's Injection Capacity: The maximum quantity of LNG that can be disburdened per hour from an LNG vessel to the LNG Facility (MWh/h). Depends on the technical specifications of the LNG vessel. LNG Facility Disburdenment Capacity: The maximum quantity of LNG that can be disburdened per hour from an LNG vessel to the LNG Facility (MWh/h). Depends on the technical specifications of the LNG Facility.
Gasification which is the thermal decomposition (typically above 650 °C) of biomass in the presence of gasification agents, e.g. air, oxygen, steam, CO2 or a combination of them that transforms biomass into so-called bio-syngas that contains CO, H2, CH4, steam, CO2, light hydrocarbons and, in case of air gasification, nitrogen (N2). The fuel gas may contain a certain amount of impurities, e.g. tar, particulate matter, char, hydrogen sulphide (H2S) and/or hydrogen chloride (HCl) [2].
Gasification. Company is not authorized to recycle, reclaim, recover, sell, distribute, or use the beneficial use materials, their components, or residues in any way other than at a gasification facility meeting the requirements set herein and in Exhibit “C.5” attached hereto and incorporated herein by this reference. If this option is not selected, then Exhibit “C.5” shall not apply to this Agreement.
Gasification. Oxy- combustion Fuel Cells Electricity generation Heat productio Chemical products
Gasification is the only technology that combines the economic advantages of coal with the environmental benefits of natural gas. This technology is perhaps the only technology that produces 24x7 `green-clean energy', all through the year without any dependence on monsoon, sunlight, wind and on nature, in general and without the hazards of radiation, a permanent threat in nuclear fission technology. The capability of gasification to displace coal combustion, natural gas and petroleum is a major incentive for Governments in developed and developing nations to rapidly deploy this proven technology. South Africa, Finland, Sweden and Norway have demonstrated successfully over the last 50 years, the benefits of the deployment of gasification technology. Besides the above, since gasification produces a syngas of hydrogen and carbon monoxide, it is the only conventional energy technology (besides nuclear fission) capable of producing the massive quantities of hydrogen that would be required to convert all or a major portion of the world's transportation fleet from gasoline and diesel fuel to hydrogen in the future.
