Criticising the Utility of the Concept Sample Clauses

Criticising the Utility of the Concept. Despite the myriad of studies advocating the utility of the PC in organisational research, the concept has had its fair share of criticism. The critical views relate to three bases: conceptual, empirical, and theoretical assumptions. On the conceptual level, critics suggest that promises, expectations, and obligations have been used exchangeably in the PC literature (Guest, 1998; Xxxxxx and Xxxxxx, 2005). Studies do not illustrate how breaching promises differs from breaching expectations or obligations. It is not clear if the emotional and behavioural reaction to each set of beliefs is distinct. Xxxxx (1998, p.651) asks, “at what point in a relationship between an individual and an organisation a PC can be said to exist”? The literature, in general, suggests that the PC starts to develop before the employee joins the organisation. What is challenging here is how long before joining? Some employees might develop an emotional relationship with an employer long before the recruitment process, while others might not develop such an emotional attachment even after officially joining. Guest (1998) also accuses the PC of “concept redundancy”. He questions the difference between the concepts of breach and job dissatisfaction, using the high level of correlation between the two constructs reported in the literature as evidence to suspect a conceptual overlap. Portraying an anthropomorphic identity with organisations, or what some refer to as the agency problem, is another prominent challenge in conceptualising the PC (Guest, 1998; Xxxxxx and Xxxxxx, 2005; Xxxxxxxxx and Xxxxxx, 2006). Xxxxxxxx (1995) recognises that there is an interplay between multiple agents within the organisation in shaping the employee’s perceptions and beliefs. She implies that employees synthesise the information they gather from those multiple sources into a coherent schema, known as the PC. Accordingly, the PC reduces the multiple relations that the employee has with different individuals to a single relationship with a collective personified body, which is the organisation. On the empirical level, Xxxxxxxxx and Xxxxxx (2006) assert that the studies discussing contract breach are very narrow in scope and perspective. The research in this area is said to neglect that most employment relations operate in capital markets and are influenced by deeper political and economic drivers. This takes us back to the agency problem. Operationally speaking, and considering that the PC represents a relat...
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