Chapter Summary. This chapter introduced the diagnostic and clinical characteristics of ED. The C-IMM of ED, which described how intra and interpersonal factors played a role in the maintenance of ED symptoms, was discussed. Five testable hypotheses from this model were identified.
Chapter Summary. In the beginning of this chapter, we provided a literature overview of the two concepts that are at the center of CODR, namely, crowdsourcing and ODR. The literature review of crowdsourcing indicated that crowdsourc- ing can be an effective and powerful business model that is used in some popular websites, such as Amazon’s Mechanical Turk, InnoCentive, and Wikipedia. Because of its popularity, crowdsourcing has been the object of many academic studies. Those studies provided us with a knowledge base for constructing a working definition of crowdsourcing and made us famil- iar with the benefits and drawbacks of crowdsourcing. After defining crowdsourcing, we found out that the concept of crowd- sourcing overlaps with other existing concepts, such as collaborative sys- tems, user-generated content, collective intelligence, and Web 2.0. However, those concepts cannot be used interchangeably with crowdsourcing. The reason is that the concept of crowdsourcing refers to a business model while the aforementioned concepts do not explicitly refer to a business model. The terms collaborative systems, user-generated content, and Web 2.0 refer to technological developments. The term collective intelligence refers to the intelligence of a group of living organisms that arises from the interactions between those organisms. Having obtained an understanding of crowdsourcing, we started reviewing the literature on ODR. Our first finding in relation to ODR was that, in comparison to the definition of crowdsourcing, the definition of ODR is debatable. In particular, the opinions differ on whether the use of Internet or the use of ICT should be the criterion for defining ODR as well as on whether or not ODR includes court proceedings. We analysed the dif- ferent positions of the debate, expressed our preferences, and proposed our working definition of ODR. We also examined the typology of ODR. In this regard, we found out that various types of ODR exist. The typologies of ODR, similarly to the typologies of ADR, are based on the different mechanisms for resolving dis- putes, e.g., negotiation, mediation, and arbitration. However, ODR gives rise to suis generis forms of dispute resolution, which do not have an offline 50 In an email dated 21st of December 2016, Xxxxx Xxxxxx, an ODR expert, explained to us the need for differentiating between CODR, on one side, and other dispute resolution schemes in which the third neutral party is a collegial body, on the other side. Our defi...
Chapter Summary. In this chapter I have developed a framework detailing a series of methodological issues including the research design, analytic method and material of the thesis. In the first part of the Chapter I have introduced and defined some of Xxxxxxxx’x analytics and concepts which I use within a genealogy inspired framework and apply to the empirical analysis. I have also introduced here, the reading techniques and guidelines which I have used in combination with Xxxxxxxx’x analytics, following Xxxxxx (2009), and the classification of effects which I borrow from Xxxx’x (2007) in order to further structure the Foucauldian framework. In the second part of this chapter I have explained how I apply my framework to examine the policy documents I have selected as empirical data. I have also discussed the limitations of the framework and the selection process of the empirical material and the purpose of using secondary sources.
Chapter Summary. In this chapter data has been analyzed on the influence of strategic alliance between co- operative bank and Safaricom limited enhance performance of the two organizations. The chapter also includes the discussion of the study which has been linked to the theory and linked to other studies. The chapter indicates that alliance was a hybrid alliance as it focused on obtaining increased sources of revenue as well as obtaining knowledge that could be perhaps utilized during alliances with other organizations. For the alliance to be successful, there is need to focus attention and resources on building corporation wide alliance capabilities. Firms that have experience in alliance management have a streamlined corporate alliance business unit.
Chapter Summary. In this chapter we have introduced and discussed basic concepts in Grid-based SLAs. Service Oriented Architecture, Web Services and Commercial Grid concepts have also been introduced. SLAs should define what the consumer wants and what the provider promises to supply through clearly described measurable standards of performance as well as to clearly state penalties encountered by both parties in cases of SLA violation. Some SLA frameworks have been accepted and adopted by Grid consumers. For example, WS-Agreement has been adopted as a standard specification by the XXXXX- WG. According to (Xxxxxx et al, 2006) the WS-Agreement specification is widely accepted since:
ì(i) it is the result of the only active standardization effort for a framework supporting interoperable SLA specification, (ii) it is used or considered to be used in many other projects, (iii) it is extensible and adaptable to arbitrary domains due to pluggable term languages, and (iv) due to the possibility to define guarantee terms and business values it might be used in business or service oriented environments thus allowing a smooth migration from research application to business use.î In the next Chapter, we critically analyze this standard and other SLA frameworks. Particular attention will be focused on consumer involvement in the SLA template creation process.
Chapter Summary. In this chapter, we have described the design of a consumer initiated SLA template creation framework for a grid-based environment. We also suggested the modification of the SLA life cycle by ensuring that its initial stages are not solely provider dominated but also inclusive of the consumerís preferences on QoS. As stated in section 1.5, the goal of this work was to develop a framework for flexible SLA template creation based on consumer QoS requirements. This has been partly achieved in this chapter with the detailed description of the model design and algorithm.
Chapter Summary. The Appendix A: Text4Teens Grant Proposal can be improved. From Chapter IV reviewers‘ reported overall significance and impact scores ranging one (1) to five (5). Grant proposals in this range are judged to generally have high/excellent impact but also contain numerous minor weaknesses. A road map for correcting these weaknesses was synthesized in this chapter.
Chapter Summary. The Critical Time Intervention will be evaluated in this thesis and it aims to improve outcomes during and after the transition to the community for prisoners with a mental health problem. It provides additional support both before and after release from prison and tries to ensure that discharge planning takes place and that contact with community mental health services is facilitated. The CTI has a growing evidence base in the USA in a range of settings and a pilot study has confirmed it is feasible in prisons in England and Wales. There are other interventions which have been used in this transition, but published studies of their efficacy are low in number, are of a poor quality and have varied outcomes. In addition, there are examples of other approaches in the transition from other settings to the community that have varying effect. The CTI has been used in this thesis because of its evidence base, its appropriateness to the context and its mid-level intensity and cost. This thesis will allow an evaluation of its effectiveness in the prison setting in England, using a larger sample and more rigorous method than was possible in the pilot.
Chapter Summary. The important issue of PLS in emerging SWIPT applications was studied in this chapter. Under a simplified three-node SISO fading wiretap channel setup, a dual use of the AN was proposed for both interfering with and transferring energy to the ER, under the assumption that the AN is perfectly canceled at the IR. The transmit power allocations and power splitting ratios over the fading channel were jointly optimized to minimize the outage probability for delay-limited secrecy transmission, and to maximize the average rate for no-delay-limited secrecy transmission, respectively, subject to the combined average and peak power constraint at the Tx, as well as an average EH constraint at the ER. Optimal solutions to these non-convex problems were derived, and suboptimal solutions of lower complexity were also proposed based on the alternating optimization. Through extensive simulation results, the proposed schemes were shown to achieve considerable (secrecy) Outage-Energy (O-E) and (secrecy) Rate-Energy (R-E) trade-off gains, as compared to the schemes without the use of AN. Chapter 4 HJ-aided AF Relaying for Secrecy in SWIPT Networks
Chapter Summary. The increased significance of SLAs reflects on the changes taking place in the commercial Grid environment. SLAs provide one means of attracting consumers and can contribute to establishing the credibility of service providers by committing to provide guaranteed levels of support with compensation if such guarantees are not met. Future Grid services would have to meet a number of QoS requirements resulting from rapidly changing markets and technologies. Within this open market of services, the aspects of their customization and instant provision are of fundamental importance (Triec and Huljenic, 2003 ) and influencing the development of emerging technologies, such as the negotiation protocol WS Agreement (Andrieux. et al, 2005), which is being defined by the Global Grid Forum (GGF) XXXXX Working Group. The possibility of service consumers originating SLAs in commercial Grid markets has not been fully explored in literature but can result in a decrease in overheads created during a series of negotiations conducted across different distributed administrative domains. These iterative negotiations are usually an attempt for the SLA template offered to the consumer (by the provider) to reflect more on what the consumer requires of a service. Naturally, the providerís aim is to ensure that the SLAs reflects organizational goals and as a result a lot of time is consumed during SLA creation as the consumer tries to negotiate (by making a series of counter offers) and ensure his own business goals are achieved. This process proves to be time consuming for the business consumer. It is also essential in any grid market for the provider to ensure increased customer satisfaction for the purposes of acquiring a competitive edge. Therefore, issues such as non-performance and failure to meet QoS requirements needs should be avoided where possible. In essence, it is crucial for the service provider to realize SLA creation as a vital step in the business process. An SLAs focus should be inclusive of the consumers business objectives (Xxxxxx et al., 2006). This can only be achieved if the provider values the importance of knowing beforehand what QoS metric is most and least important to the consumer (SPC, 1998). We have identified the need to achieve a flexible consumer-centric process of SLA creation. This chapter describes the design of a consumer-initiated SLA model proposed in this work. We propose a consumer-initiated SLA life-cycle as well as a QoS-based selection fram...