Data and Information Exchange. In support of coordinated system planning, each Party shall provide the other with the following data and information. Unless otherwise indicated, such data and information shall be provided annually.
Data and Information Exchange. In support of coordinated system planning, each Party shall provide the other with the following data and information. Unless otherwise indicated, such data and information shall be provided as requested by either Party and as available, on a mutually agreed to schedule but no longer than 60 days from the date of such request.
Data and Information Exchange. When mutually agreeable, each Party shall provide the other Party with the following data and information.
Data and Information Exchange. Each Party shall provide the other PartiesParty with the following data and information for its Planning Coordinator area, as applicable, as follows.. Unless otherwise indicated, such data and information shall be provided as requested by either Party and as available, on a mutually agreed to schedule but no longer than 60 days from the date of such request.
Data and Information Exchange. 4.1 Purpose of Data and Information Exchange Data and information is exchanged under this Agreement to: (a) define the Upper and Lower Rate of Change Limits and other constraints and limits enforced on the Bonneville transmission system; (b) inform Bonneville of actions that the CAISO is taking on behalf of EIM Entities and other EIM participants that may affect operation of Bonneville’s transmission system; (c) enhance the operation of the EIM; and (d) improve the coordinated operation of the Parties’ transmission systems.
Data and Information Exchange. Exchange of data and information is closely related to the topic of cooperation and can be regarded as part of the general obligation to cooperate. It is also an important feature in performing the obligations of equitable utilisation and the ‘no harm’ rule.123 Data exchange is recommended by the Helsinki rules and required in Article 9 of the 1997 water Convention as well as in Principle 9 of the Rio Declaration. Xxxxxx and Xxxxx conclude that the concept has gained substantial enough support by the international community to include it as an obligation of international law.124
Data and Information Exchange. As can be seen in the previous section, the MRC has a long history of water monitoring. However, in the past the information exchange among the riparian nations has not been satisfactory.195 The Procedures for Data and Information Exchange and Sharing were developed to implement Article 24 of the Agreement, “to regularly obtain, update and exchange information and data necessary to implement this Agreement”, one of the main functions of the Joint Committee. The Joint Committee is also the body appointed to oversee the effective implementation of the Procedures as required by the Mekong Agreement.196 The objectives of the Procedures are to: “Operationalise data and information exchange among the member countries; Make available, upon request, basic data and information for public access as determined by the NMCs concerned; and to promote “understanding and cooperation among the MRC member countries in a constructive and mutually beneficial 190 With financial support from the Swedish International Development Authority (SIDA). 191 MRC, 2003(a), p. 5 and MRC, 2003(c), p. 19. 192 Monitoring Procedures, section 4.2. 193 Monitoring Procedures, section 1. 194 Article in Xinhua (Chinese newspaper), October 8, 2004 (xxxx://xxxx.xxxxxxxxx.xxx/english/2004-10/08/content_2063050.htm 2005-03-27). 195 MRC, 2004, pp. 3-4.
Data and Information Exchange. Procedures for data and information exchange are needed to assess the factual water use situation in each country. Data on water uses of the riparian countries are needed to properly carry out the balancing of interests and uses under the equitable utilisation principle. Data and information exchange is also of great importance in relation to the principle of not causing substantial harm. In applying article 7 and 8 of the Agreement it is essential to know where the pollution stems from. It should be fully in the interest of the Lower Mekong Countries to include China and Myanmar in the cooperation. An agreement on information exchange has been instated between China and the MRC over water level and rainfall data to aid in flood forecasting.232 Information on dry season flow, which is of critical importance to downstream countries, has however been left out of the present agreement.233 The procedures for data and information sharing and exchange do not seem to provide for data and information sharing with third parties. The objectives of the procedures 230 Monitoring Procedures, sections 4.2, 4.3.1, and 4.3.2. 231 Monitoring Procedures, section 1, see section 5.5.3 of this thesis for a further discussion on the tributaries. 232 Following a technical cooperation agreement signed between the MRC and China in April 2002, which was implemented in 2003. (xxxx://xxx.xxxxxxxxx.xxx/news_events/press_release/2004/Press10.htm 2004-10-28) 233 Dore, 2003, p. 15, note 20. only refer to exchange “among the four MRC member countries.”234 It is unclear, from the procedures, if third parties such as China and external donors are entitled to access to the database.235 An issue closely related to public participation is the right to information. Not only states, but also the public should be given the right and possibility to gain information on operations in the river. This has been deemed an “essential prerequisite to the exercises of the right to take legal or other action to protect his interests”.236 In relation to water pollution, the public should be given access to information on what substances are discharged into the river, and what injury, inconvenience or damage discharges may cause.237 A flood warning system is now publishing daily updated water level information on the MRC webpage, as a mean of warning the public of rising water levels.238 In relation to water flow the public should also be provided with information on releases from hydropower stations. It has ...
Data and Information Exchange. Each Party shall provide the other Parties with the following data and information. Unless otherwise indicated, such data and information shall be provided annually.
Data and Information Exchange. As can be seen in the previous section, the MRC has a long history of water monitoring. However, in the past the information exchange among the riparian nations has not been satisfactory.195 The Procedures for Data and Information Exchange and Sharing were developed to implement Article 24 of the Agreement, “to regularly obtain, update and exchange information and data necessary to implement this Agreement”, one of the main functions of the Joint Committee. The Joint Committee is also the body appointed to oversee the effective implementation of the Procedures as required by the Mekong Agreement.196 The objectives of the Procedures are to: “Operationalise data and information exchange among the member countries; Make available, upon request, basic data and information for public access as determined by the NMCs concerned; and to promote “understanding and cooperation among the MRC member countries in a constructive and mutually beneficial 190 With financial support from the Swedish International Development Authority (SIDA). 191 MRC, 2003(a), p. 5 and MRC, 2003(c), p. 19. 192 Monitoring Procedures, section 4.2. 193 Monitoring Procedures, section 1. 194 Article in Xinhua (Chinese newspaper), October 8, 2004 (xxxx://xxxx.xxxxxxxxx.xxx/english/2004-10/08/content_2063050.htm 2005-03-27). 195 MRC, 2004, pp. 3-4. 196 Article 5 of the Procedures for Data and Information Exchange and Sharing. manner to ensure the sustainable development of the Mekong River Basin”.197 The term ‘Data’ is understood to mean: “representations of facts, in a formalized manner, suitable for communication, interpretation or processing” while information is: “interpreted data, processed and refined, and then displayed by the competent authorities having ownership or possession thereof, which is required for exchange and sharing for the purpose of the implementation of the Mekong Agreement”.198 Article 24 (c) of the Agreement, and Procedures for Data and Information Sharing (4(b)) state that data necessary to “implement the Agreement” shall be shared, but it is not further specified what this is meant to imply. However, in the procedures, twelve groups are mentioned as examples of such necessary information.199 Data and information shall be subject to national laws and data vital to national defence or security or commercial-in-confidence and copyright protection data need not be shared by the riparian countries. This exclusion can be found in several international instruments relating to ...
