Issues for Congress Sample Clauses

Issues for Congress. The proposed Trans-Pacific Partnership agreement (TPP) and the rising number of trade agreements throughout the world have implications for X.X. xxxxx xxxxxx. The United States has FTA agreements with eleven Latin American countries, three of which are parties to the TPP. Some CAFTA-DR countries have expressed an interest in joining the TPP if it is approved by Congress. While it is uncertain whether this is a possibility, the United States may consider other options to build upon this economic relationship. One possibility could be to harmonize rules of origin and allow regional cumulation with TPP countries to encourage production sharing. Another option is to consider a trade facilitation agenda to make trade more efficient. Latin American countries are increasingly searching for ways to work together as a region. The United States could consider increasing commercial dialogues with them to advance its trade policy agenda in the Western Hemisphere.

Issues for Congress. Given Congress’s recent appropriation of funds to address NPRC pandemic operations, Members might consider the following additional questions in response to the records request backlog:  In light of NARA’s goal of accepting only digital records by the end of 2022, are DOD and VA prepared to provide digital files? How should monetary and professional resources be leveraged to accomplish this goal?  Should servicemember information be retrieved by a form identifier (e.g., by looking through all DD-214s), or should information be retrieved by a servicemember-specific identifier?  Is communication among DOD, VA, and NPRC sufficient? How can it be improved? Author Information Xxxxxxx X. Xxxxxxx Analyst in Veterans Policy Xxxxxx X. Xxxxxxx Analyst in Government Organization and Management Disclaimer This document was prepared by the Congressional Research Service (CRS). CRS serves as nonpartisan shared staff to congressional committees and Members of Congress. It operates solely at the behest of and under the direction of Congress. Information in a CRS Report should not be relied upon for purposes other than public understanding of information that has been provided by CRS to Members of Congress in connection with CRS’s institutional role. CRS Reports, as a work of the United States Government, are not subject to copyright protection in the United States. Any CRS Report may be reproduced and distributed in its entirety without permission from CRS. However, as a CRS Report may include copyrighted images or material from a third party, you may need to obtain the permission of the copyright holder if you wish to copy or otherwise use copyrighted material.

Issues for Congress. Some issues for Congress include  Whether TPA procedures and notification requirements have been followed.  Whether USMCA meets TPA’s negotiating objectives.  Whether modified provisions on labor, environment, pharmaceuticals, and enforcement meet congressional concerns.  How USMCA would affect future U.S. FTAs given its reduced commitments such as ISDS, GP, and de minimis levels and expanded revisions on worker rights. See also, CRS In Focus IF11391, USMCA: Amendment and Key Changes, by X. Xxxxxxx Xxxxxxxxxx and Xxx X. Xxxxxxxxx X. Xxxxxxx Xxxxxxxxxx, Specialist in International Trade and Finance Xxx X. Xxxxxxxxx, Specialist in International Trade and Finance IF10997 Disclaimer

Issues for Congress. Some issues for Congress include • Oversight of the effective implementation of the new and revised USMCA commitments, including new motor vehicle rules of origin and labor provisions. • Monitoring of trade issues such as Mexico’s current proposals to scale back some of the 2013 energy reforms and the Canadian softwood lumber trade dispute. • Whether new provisions on labor and environmental enforcement meet congressional concerns. • How USMCA revisions will affect the future of X.X. xxxxx xxxxxx given its reduced commitments in some areas and expanded commitments in others. See also CRS Report R44981, The United States-Mexico- Canada Agreement (USMCA), by X. Xxxxxxx Xxxxxxxxxx. Organization (ILO) Declaration of Rights at Work. • Adopt, maintain, enforce, and not derogate from environmental laws, including seven multilateral environment agreements.

Issues for Congress. Some issues for Congress include:  The extent to which USMCA met TPA’s negotiating objectives and implications for possible TPA renewal by Congress.  Oversight of the effective implementation of the new and revised USMCA commitments.  Whether new provisions on labor and environmental enforcement meet congressional concerns.  How USMCA revisions will affect the future of X.X. xxxxx xxxxxx given its reduced commitments in some areas and expanded commitments in others. X. Xxxxxxx Xxxxxxxxxx, Specialist in International Trade and Finance IF10997 Xxx X. Xxxxxxxxx, Specialist in International Trade and Finance Disclaimer

Issues for Congress. Economic Impact When fully implemented, the PTPA will likely have a have a small, but positive, net economic effect on the United States because of the relatively small size of Peru’s economy in relation to the U.S. economy. In 2007, Peru had a nominal GDP of $107 billion, approximately 0.8% the size of the U.S. GDP of $13.8 trillion. Another reason the net effect would be expected to be small is that the value of U.S. trade with Peru is small when compared to overall U.S. trade. U.S. trade (imports plus exports) with Peru accounts for about 0.3% of total U.S. trade. U.S. imports from Peru account for 0.3% of total U.S. imports, and U.S. exports to Peru account for 0.3% of total U.S. exports. Most of the economy-wide trade effects of trade liberalization from the PTPA would be due to Peru’s removal of tariff barriers and other trade restrictions. U.S. exporters have substantially larger tariff barriers on their exports to Peru than do Peruvian exporters on their exports to the United States. The USITC study on the potential effects of a PTPA, estimates that U.S. imports from Peru would increase by $439 million and U.S. exports to Peru would increase by $1.1 billion. The study also estimates that U.S. GDP would increase by over $2.1 billion (0.02%) as a result of the agreement. In terms of losses, the report estimates that three U.S. sectors, metals (mainly gold, copper, and aluminum), crops (such as cut flowers, live plants, and seeds), and paddy rice, would experience reductions in output, revenue, or employment of more than 0.10%.30 The PTPA is unlikely to affect the aggregate employment level in the United States, but it could impact jobs in specific industries. According to the USITC study, the largest U.S. employment gain (1%) is estimated to be in wheat production. Declines are estimated in metals (gold, copper, and aluminum), rice production, and miscellaneous crops (cut flowers, live plants and seeds) which could lose up to 0.2% of their employment, displaced by imports. Some labor groups argue that U.S. exports of basic grains could adversely affect the livelihoods of subsistence farmers in Peru, where agriculture is the main source of jobs. Another factor for consideration is the extent to which the PTPA would provide trade creation over trade diversion.31 One of the drawbacks to a bilateral free trade agreement is that it may result in trade diversion because it is not fully inclusive of all regional trading partners. Trade diversion results whe...