Beneficiaries - identification criteria. The 7 communities identified to benefit from the installation of streamflow stations were evaluated against the following criteria (i) there is high susceptibility to flooding (ii) communities populated and/or have agriculture subsistence activities and (iii) there are currently no streamflow stations or rainfall gauges. To achieve the first criterion, a flood susceptibility mapping was undertaken for Trinidad. The study modeled susceptibility based on the following six (6) factors: elevation, slope (length), road density, drainage density, land use, and rainfall. The model was then verified with an overlay of actual flood occurrences and was found to have a 91% reliability level. The situation was difference for Tobago as no flood susceptible maps are available for Tobago. This study still needs to be undertaken; therefore, stations were in areas with high incidents of annual flooding in the past. The 7 beneficiary communities include: Couva Caroni, Maraval (upper and lower), Cunupia, Papurie, Xxxxx Xxxxxx, Xxxxxx River, Bacolet River. The latter 2 are in Tobago. The locations that were selected for the installation of these additional streamflow monitoring stations were evaluated against the following criteria (i) the locations should be in watersheds with high susceptibility to flooding, (ii) the location should be in a currently ungauged or ineffectively gauged watershed, and (iii) the rain gauges should be upstream of the streamflow monitoring stations to guide flood early warning. See Annex 3 for the locations. The community members that will be selected to participate in the Community Hydrological Observer Network are based on the following evaluation criteria (i) active participation in relevant community volunteering networks (i.e Adopt a River Programme); and (ii) gender equality mainstreaming by having a 50/50 share of male and female amongst volunteers.
Beneficiaries - identification criteria. The Action will work in the Western region of Nepal, as guided by the HIP Call 2021, on earthquake and urban preparedness to imminent earthquake and other disasters. Based on the scientific studies, there is possibility of a major earthquake in the western part of Nepal due to the seismic gap surpassing the return period and with pre-existing vulnerabilities and low level of preparedness it can be catastrophic with unprecedented impact on life, livelihood, assets and structures. Also, the services and resources are pooled with significant inter-linkages and connectivity between the three provinces in the western region that becomes even more critical during the crisis. Hence, the Action will work with the Provincial level government of all three provinces (Sudurpaschim, Karnali and Lumbini), and the provincial level stakeholders of the humanitarian architecture including cluster leads and security forces, who play critical roles in emergency response and relief, directly benefit from the Action. Further, the Action will work in the urban core or the two most dense wards in Jaya Prithvi municipality on earthquake preparedness due to its remoteness and susceptibility of higher impact of earthquake as derived from Durham University research. The Action will work in the three key urban municipalities of strategic importance in the western region, with the focus on preparedness for earthquake, fire and other urban hazards. The entire population of the three municipalities (Dhangadi and Amargadi in Sudurpaschim; Nepalgunj in Lumbini) will indirectly benefit from the Action and its activities like emergency response plan, relief guidelines and Business Continuity Plans (BCPs). The Action will have intensive engagement in the two most dense wards in each of these three municipalities, to build their capacity to plan for, and mitigate imminent risk due to earthquakes and most recurring urban hazards like fire, and prepare for effective emergency response at both community and municipal level. Further, community led and inclusive processes will be undertaken at xxxx and municipal level to focus efforts on the most at-risk and vulnerable population (single women, urban poor/daily wage workers, differently abled, elderly, orphan, squatters with concentration of the marginalized households), who would directly benefit from risk mitigation measures and volunteer training.
