The Common Law Duty of Confidentiality Sample Clauses

The Common Law Duty of Confidentiality. The Common law duty of confidentiality may apply to a large amount of information obtained by an organisation. As a general principle the duty arises where a person receives information in situations where it is known or can be taken to be known that the information is to be treated as confidential. Whenever information is obtained in circumstances where a duty of confidence is to be inferred, there is a legal duty to respect the confidentiality of information provided and not to disclose it to third parties without consent, unless an overriding public interest requires it. Under common law there is a duty to act reasonably and in a manner that is proportionate to the aim. Information obtained in confidence should not be disclosed to a greater extent than is necessary in the interests of the individual. Generally, it will be possible to satisfy legal obligations under the common law duty of confidentiality if the personal information is handled in a manner that complies with the obligations as set out in the Data Protection Act. The Human Rights Act prohibits interference by a public authority with the private and family life of individuals, their homes and correspondence, save where that interference is lawful and necessary in a democratic society, public safety, the protection of rights and freedoms of others, the prevention of disorder or crime and the protection of health and morals. Interference with an individual’s privacy must not be disproportionate even where it is in pursuit of such aims as allowed by the Human Rights Act. In addition, the handling of an individual’s personal information should only be limited to pursue the objectives for which the information was collected. The Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) provides for a general right of access to official information held by public authorities (subject to the exemptions contained in the FOIA), and as each of the partners is a public authority there is a statutory duty to handle requests for information in accordance with the framework of the FOIA. Where the data sharing Protocol involves another public authority(s), it will be the duty of the recipient public authority to handle the request in accordance with the legislation. Each signatory should make proper arrangements to enable information to be shared and disclosed in relation to non-personal data. The Protection of Freedoms Act (part 6) extends the FOIA in the following ways for the UK: section 102: the release and publication of dat...
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The Common Law Duty of Confidentiality. The Common Law Duty of Confidentiality requires that unless there is a statutory requirement to use Information that has been provided in confidence, it should only be used for purposes that the subject has been informed about and consented to. In certain circumstances, this also applies to the deceased. The duty is not absolute but should only be overridden if the holder of the Information can justify disclosure as being in the public interest i.e. to protect others from harm.
The Common Law Duty of Confidentiality. The Parties also acknowledge that they owe a duty of confidentiality to the GP Contractor’s Patients. The General Medical Council describes the duty of confidentiality in the following terms: “Information acquired by doctors in their professional capacity will generally be confidential under the common law. This duty is derived from a series of court judgments, which have established the principle that information given or obtained in confidence should not be used or disclosed further except in certain circumstances. This means a doctor must not disclose confidential information, unless there is a legal basis for doing so.” The common law duty of confidentiality is the general position that if information is given in circumstances where it is expected that a duty of confidence applies, that information cannot normally be disclosed without the information provider's agreement. It is generally accepted that the common law allows disclosure of confidential information relating to a Patient if: a) the Patient consents; b) it is required by law, or in response to a court order; or c) it is justified in the public interest.
The Common Law Duty of Confidentiality. The circumstances in which a common law duty of confidence arises have been built up in case law over time. The duty arises when a person shares information with another in circumstances where it is reasonable to expect that the information will be kept confidential. The courts have found a duty of confidence to exist where: Most of the personal information processed by the partner organisations under this Agreement will be of a confidential nature. Therefore, as a general rule, this confidential information should not be disclosed without the consent of the data subject. However, the law permits the disclosure of confidential information where there is an overriding public interest or justification for doing so.
The Common Law Duty of Confidentiality. The common law duty of confidentialit y is derived from case law rather than statute and requires that unless there is a statutory requirement to use information that has been provided in confidence, it should only be used for purposes that the subject has been informed about and consented to. In certain circumstances, this also applies to the deceased. The duty is not absolute but should only be overridden if the holder of the information can justify disclosure as being in the public interest, for example, to protect others from harm.

Related to The Common Law Duty of Confidentiality

  • Duty of Confidentiality a. All Confidential Information is considered highly sensitive and strictly confidential. The Employee agrees that at all times during the term of this Agreement and after the termination of employment with the Company for as long as such information remains non-public information, the Employee shall (i) hold in confidence and refrain from disclosing to any other party all Confidential Information, whether written or oral, tangible or intangible, concerning the Company and its business and operations unless such disclosure is accompanied by a non-disclosure agreement executed by the Company with the party to whom such Confidential Information is provided, (ii) use the Confidential Information solely in connection with his or her employment with the Company and for no other purpose, (iii) take all reasonable precautions necessary to ensure that the Confidential Information shall not be, or be permitted to be, shown, copied or disclosed to third parties, without the prior written consent of the Company, (iv) observe all security policies implemented by the Company from time to time with respect to the Confidential Information, and (v) not use or disclose, directly or indirectly, as an individual or as a partner, joint venturer, employee, agent, salesman, contractor, officer, director or otherwise, for the benefit of himself or herself or any other person, partnership, firm, corporation, association or other legal entity, any Confidential Information, unless expressly permitted by this Agreement. Employee agrees that protection of the Company’s Confidential Information constitutes a legitimate business interest justifying the restrictive covenants contained herein. Employee further agrees that the restrictive covenants contained herein are reasonably necessary to protect the Company’s legitimate business interest in preserving its Confidential Information. b. In the event that the Employee is ordered to disclose any Confidential Information, whether in a legal or regulatory proceeding or otherwise, the Employee shall provide the Company with prompt notice of such request or order so that the Company may seek to prevent disclosure. c. Employee acknowledge(s) that this "Confidential Information" is of value to the Company by providing it with a competitive advantage over their competitors, is not generally known to competitors of the Company, and is not intended by the Company for general dissemination. Employee acknowledges that this "Confidential Information" derives independent economic value, actual or potential, from not being generally known to, and not being readily ascertainable by proper means by, other persons who can obtain economic value from its disclosure or use, and is the subject of reasonable efforts to maintain its secrecy. Therefore, the Parties agree that all "Confidential Information" under this Agreement constitutes “Trade Secrets” under Section 688.002 and Chapter 812 of the Florida Statutes.

  • Obligation of Confidentiality 14.1 During the Term, and for [***] thereafter, each of the Parties will keep confidential and not disclose or use any of the Information of the other Party except in the performance of its obligations and exercise of its rights under this Agreement. Each Party will treat the other Party’s Information with the same degree of confidentiality as it keeps its own confidential information (but in no event will it use less than reasonable care with such Information). Notwithstanding the foregoing, the provisions of this Article 14 shall not apply to any information that can be shown by the Receiving Party: (a) To have been known to or in the possession of the Receiving Party prior to the date of its actual receipt from the Disclosing Party without breaching any provision of this Agreement or any other agreement between the Parties or of any agreement between the Disclosing Party and a Third Party, by such Third Party; (b) To be or to have become available to the public other than through any act or omission of the Receiving Party in breach of this Agreement or any other agreement between the Parties; (c) To have been disclosed to the Receiving Party, other than under an obligation of confidentiality, by a Third Party that had no obligation to the Disclosing Party not to disclose such information to others; or (d) To have been subsequently independently developed by the Receiving Party without use of the Disclosing Party Information as demonstrated by competent contemporaneous tangible records. 14.2 Receiving Party shall ensure that its Affiliates, directors or employees, who have access to Information, shall consider and hold any of the Information as herein contemplated. 14.3 Each Party may disclose the other Party’s Information hereunder solely to the extent such disclosure is reasonably necessary in connection with complying with applicable laws; provided that in the event of any such disclosure of the Disclosing Party’s Information by the Receiving Party, the Receiving Party will, except where impracticable, give reasonable advance notice to the Disclosing Party of such disclosure requirement (so that the Disclosing Party may seek a protective order and/or other appropriate remedy or waive compliance with the confidentiality provisions of this Article 14 and will use its Commercially Reasonable Efforts to secure confidential treatment of such confidential Information required to be disclosed). 14.4 Each Receiving Party shall keep Information belonging to the Disclosing Party in appropriately secure locations. Upon expiration or termination of this Agreement, any and all Information possessed in tangible form by a Receiving Party, or its Affiliates, or its or any of their directors, officers, employees, agents, consultants, and clinical investigators and belonging to the Disclosing Party, shall, upon written request, be destroyed to the extent practicable and not used or disclosed by the Receiving Party, its Affiliates, or any of their directors, officers, employees, agents, consultants, and clinical investigators; provided, however, that a Party may retain one (1) copy of any Information in an appropriately secure location solely for use by its legal department to ensure compliance with the confidentiality provisions of this Agreement. 14.5 DAEWOONG and AEON each acknowledge the other Party’s interest in publishing the results of its scientific research in order to obtain recognition within the scientific community and to advance the state of scientific knowledge. Authorship of any publication shall be determined based on the accepted standards used in peer-reviewed, academic journals at the time of the proposed publication. Each Party also recognizes the mutual interest in obtaining valid patent protection and in protecting business interests and trade secret information. Consequently, except for disclosures permitted pursuant to Article 14.1, if either Party, its employees or consultants wishes to publish or present to any third party, during the Term, results of the scientific, preclinical and clinical studies or any information about Product, or the results of any program to discover or develop any of the above, it shall deliver to the other Party a copy of the proposed written publication or an outline of an oral disclosure at least fifteen (15) days prior to submission for publication or presentation. The reviewing Party shall notify the other Party within fifteen (15) days of receipt of such proposed publication whether such draft publication contains (i) Information of the reviewing Party, or (ii) information that if published would have an adverse effect on a patent application covering the subject matter of this Agreement, the reviewing Party shall have the right to (a) propose modifications to the publication or presentation for patent reasons, trade secret reasons, confidentiality reasons or business reasons or (b) request a reasonable delay in publication or presentation in order to protect patentable information. If the reviewing Party requests a delay to protect patentable information, the publishing Party shall delay submission or presentation for a period not to exceed thirty (30) days to enable patent applications protecting each Party’s rights in such information to be filed in accordance with the terms of this Agreement. Upon expiration of such thirty (30) days, the publishing Party shall be free to proceed with the publication or presentation. If the reviewing Party reasonably requests modifications to the publication or presentation to prevent disclosure of material trade secret or proprietary business information, the publishing Party shall edit such publication to prevent the disclosure of such information prior to submission of the publication or presentation. After the termination or expiration of this Agreement, the Parties shall continue to be obligated to adhere to the guidelines set out in Article 14.4 and this Article 14.5, but solely with respect to publications or presentations to any third party containing information about Product. 14.6 Once approval for a publication or presentation has been granted, the relevant Party shall be entitled to use the specific information contained in such publication or presentation after the date of its publication or presentation without seeking further approval. General comments made by a Party relating to the relationship between DAEWOONG and AEON established by this Agreement, including, for example, general comments made in response to inquiries at professional meetings and other similar circumstances, are not intended to be restricted by the provisions of this Article 14 provided such information has been disclosed to the public previously or cleared for such disclosure by the other Party. For the avoidance of doubt, neither Party shall be entitled to publish Information of the other in violation of Article 14. 14.7 DAEWOONG and AEON shall agree upon the timing and content of an initial press release relating to this Agreement and the transactions contemplated herein. Except to the extent already disclosed in that initial press release, no disclosure of the subject matter of this Agreement or its terms may be made by either Party, and no Party shall use the name, trademark, trade name or logo of the other Party or its employees in any publicity, news release or disclosure relating to this Agreement or its subject matter, without the prior express written permission of the other Party, except as may be required by applicable laws, regulations, or judicial order. The Party desiring to make any such public announcement shall provide the other Party with a written copy of the proposed announcement in sufficient time prior to public release to allow such other Party to comment upon such announcement, prior to public release.

  • Waiver of Confidentiality The Borrower authorizes the Bank to discuss the Borrower's financial affairs and business operations with any accountants, auditors, business consultants, or other professional advisors employed by the Borrower, and authorizes such parties to disclose to the Bank such financial and business information or reports (including management letters) concerning the Borrower as the Bank may request.

  • Duration of Confidentiality All obligations of confidentiality and non-use imposed upon the parties under this Agreement shall expire ten (10) years after the expiration or earlier termination of this Agreement; provided, however, that Confidential Information which constitutes the trade secrets of a party shall be kept confidential indefinitely, subject to the limitations set forth in Sections 9.4 through 9.5.

  • Duty of Confidence Subject to the other provisions of this Article 8, all Confidential Information disclosed by a Party or its Affiliates under this Agreement will be maintained in confidence and otherwise safeguarded by the recipient Party. The recipient Party may only use the Confidential Information for the purposes of this Agreement and pursuant to the rights granted to the recipient Party under this Agreement. Subject to the other provisions of this Article 8, each Party shall hold as confidential such Confidential Information of the other Party or its Affiliates in the same manner and with the same protection as such recipient Party maintains its own confidential information. Subject to the other provisions of this Article 8, a recipient Party may only disclose Confidential Information of the other Party to employees, agents, contractors, consultants and advisers of the Party and its Affiliates and to Third Parties (including, in the case of Protiva, Sublicensees and their Affiliates) but in each case only to the extent reasonably necessary for the purposes of, and for those matters undertaken pursuant to, this Agreement and only if such Persons are bound to maintain the confidentiality of the Confidential Information in a manner consistent with the confidentiality provisions of this Agreement.

  • Covenant of Confidentiality All documents, records, files, manuals, forms, materials, supplies, computer programs, trade secrets and other information which comes into EXECUTIVE's possession from time to time during EXECUTIVE's employment by COMPANY and/or any of COMPANY's subsidiaries or affiliates, shall be deemed to be confidential and proprietary to COMPANY and shall remain the sole and exclusive property of COMPANY. EXECUTIVE acknowledges that all such confidential and proprietary information is confidential and proprietary and not readily available to COMPANY's business competitors. On the effective date of the termination of the employment relationship or at such other date as specified by COMPANY, EXECUTIVE agrees that he will return to COMPANY all such confidential and proprietary items (including, but not limited to, Company marketing material, business cards, keys, etc.) in his control or possession, and all copies thereof, and that he will not remove any such items from the offices of COMPANY.

  • Breach of Confidentiality Contractor acknowledges that there can be no adequate remedy at law for any breach of Contractor’s obligations hereunder, that any such breach will likely result in irreparable harm, and therefore, that upon any breach or threatened breach of the confidentiality obligations, the Court shall be entitled to appropriate equitable relief, without the requirement of posting a bond, in addition to its other remedies at law. INDEMNIFICATION

  • Term of Confidentiality The obligations of this Article 5 shall continue for a period of **** following the expiration or termination of this Agreement.

  • Exceptions to Confidentiality The Receiving Party’s obligations set forth in this Agreement shall not extend to any Confidential Information of the Disclosing Party: (a) that is or hereafter becomes part of the public domain (other than as a result of a disclosure by the Receiving Party or its Recipients in violation of this Agreement); (b) that is received from a Third Party without restriction on disclosure and without, to the knowledge of the Receiving Party, breach of any agreement between such Third Party and the Disclosing Party; (c) that the Receiving Party can demonstrate by competent evidence was already in its possession without any limitation on disclosure prior to its receipt from the Disclosing Party; (d) that is generally made available to Third Parties by the Disclosing Party without restriction on disclosure; or (e) that the Receiving Party can demonstrate by competent evidence was independently developed by the Receiving Party without use of or reference to the Confidential Information.

  • Indemnification Related to Confidentiality of Materials The Contractor will protect, defend, indemnify, and hold harmless the Department for claims, costs, fines, and attorney’s fees arising from or relating to its designation of materials as trade secret or otherwise confidential.

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