Background of study. People who live in society engage with one another and get along well. Interaction is a process in which one or more people influence one another. One part of the society who are vulnerable in facing temptations and pressures from their social environment are adolescents (Xxxxxxxxxx et al., 2019). They are trying to find the lifestyle that suits them best, and they frequently do this by making a lot of mistakes along the way (Xxxxxx et al., 2017). They undergo psychological changes that frequently result in excessive emotion, either for no reason or for a specific reason, and have physical changes to those that happen to the body's organs and other parts of the human body. While psychological changes happen due to adolescent emotional development patterns and changes in the social environment that influence adolescent interaction, these changes also occur because of the habit of emotional maturity in adolescence (Remschmidt, 2013). It can be concluced that when a person's behavior changes from childhood to adulthood, it is certain that they entering a transition period of adolescents. At this time, adolescents whose experiencing a transition were looking for a lifestyle that must follow what they want (Xxxxxxx: helping pre-teens and teenagers handle the changes, 2021). It is clear that adolescents adapt to their environment in different ways as they search for their sense of self, leading to conflict within the teenagers themselves. As a result, some risks are made as part of the maturation process along with changes that adolescents affect. Adolescents and teenagers may struggle to grasp their place in society because they are still in a labile developmental stage. Teenagers who struggle to fit in will develop sadness and sentiments of “not good enough” which will make them feel hopeless, resent society, and commit juvenile delinquency. Juvenile delinquency is defined as delinquency perpetrated by a person between the ages of 16 and 18 who engages in punishable conduct (Xxxx, N. 2022). Xxxxxxxxx (2003) stated that delinquency is commonly defined as an act performed by a minor that is against the government's law that has jurisdiction over the area. The lack of a definite definition for the term “delinquency” which designates its universally acceptable connotation, is now abundantly obvious. Nevertheless, delinquency in its broadest meaning is understood to refer to behaviors that fall under the scope of typical child misbehavior (Xxxxxxxx, 2021). Children...
Background of study. Today, in globalization era, there has been an increasing need, interest and demands for being able to master English, and able to communicate efficiently in English as our foreign language, it is important for us to know and understand what are the factors that can influence students learning process and understanding English language. Among these there are several factors that we have often known, the most prominent is the at students‟ attitudes. According to The Concise Oxford Dictionary, attitude is a “settled behavior, as indicating opinion”, or a “settled mode of thinking”. Allport (1935) defines, “attitude is a mental or neural state of readiness, organized through experience, exerting a directive or dynamic influence upon the individual‟s response to all objects and situations with which it is related” persistence of human behavior.” In the context English as a second language (SL), Student attitudes towards learning English have many things that we have discussed in everywhere. This thing will affect students‟learning process where this has received as special attention and various studies have been conducted to examine the role of learning attitudes towards students‟ achievement in understanding and learning English. In the article “Honey catches flies more than Ginger : Enhancing Arab students towards learning English” Xx Xxxxxx (2012) maintains that the type of students‟ attitude towards the target language and the teacher is a center criteria in determining students‟ success or failure in learning second language. In Indonesia, English is a categorized as a foreign language this language has been taught to students since elementary school. In this era many places of early childhood education programs have taught the basic foundation for understanding English until learning continues to the university level. But there an example lot of students consider, that English is a frightening xxxxxxx. When they hear an English word, the first thing that comes to their head is grammar and tenses which are full of formulas and sentences which hard to say. Basically students who give a good attitude will more easily to understand the lesson, than those who give a bad attitude. In fact, language is not just structure, lots of contented things in learning languages. Therefore, attitudes toward English languages are also the reason students have good English. According Xxxxxxxx (2015, p.241) high motivation and a positive attitude towards a second language an...
