Summary of Results. Collaborator will receive a summary of results of the study to the extent agreed upon in the SOW. Such summary shall be considered VA Confidential Information. Summary content, including any Individually Identifiable Information, is limited to what is permitted by the signed informed consent and HIPAA authorization document(s) of subjects, this CRADA, and by applicable confidentiality statutes and regulations.
Summary of Results. The findings of this study, presented in the previous chapter, detailed participants’ descriptions of current medical education at CSM and the gaps within, identified where the challenges and supports exist for changes, and proposed teaching methods to consider using. This chapter will discuss some necessary steps for the U of C and CSM to take to address systemic racism within the healthcare system and improve quality of care and health outcomes for Indigenous people who access mainstream healthcare services. First, university leaders should understand that this is a need and be willing to make the necessary change. Next, objectives and competencies specific to Indigenous health should be made and decided where to incorporate into curriculum, taking into account the hierarchy of medicine and the differences in individual levels of knowledge. Finally, for evidence-based teaching and measurable outcomes to occur, the importance of deliberate and sustained collaboration between content experts, education experts and medical experts should not be undervalued. First, to ensure longevity of progress, it is important for all involved parties—learners at all levels of medical education, course chairs, faculty and program directors who are involved in implementation—to buy in and understand the need for medical education to purposefully have an equitable focus on Indigenous health. This may happen in steps where learners may not have a choice at first if this education is mandatory. It may take time, but it is important that those in leadership and supporting roles build a relationship that values and prioritizes these efforts. It was mentioned time and again in interviews that efforts were initiated and would fizzle out over time. Institutional-level leadership and infrastructure would allow these initiatives and efforts to sustain. Accountability from Indigenous faculty, teaching mandates, and champions in the field would ensure accountability of moving forward in an ethical way. Second, champions and leadership around CSM should plan and prioritize learning objectives and competencies to achieve Indigenous health equity. It has been contended that the healthcare setting is not just a clinical space but also a social space in which unequal power relations along the intersecting axes of race and class are negotiated (Tang et al, 2015). These two spaces should have equitable attention, and training and education should be a focus for both. As the TRC Report is not...
Summary of Results. Table of Goals & Outcomes
Summary of Results. A summary of the results is shown in Figure 11. The different CuCrZr samples were heat treated as shown in Figure 7a. Indentation experiments were carried out at three different test loads 0f 29, 294 and 980 N. The analysed modulus is shown in Figure 11a. The data points presented are the averages of seven measurements. The lowest modulus data point for each heat treatment is the highest load, and the highest modulus data point is the highest load, showing that there was some variation of measured modulus with applied load. There is nevertheless a systematic variation of calculated modulus with heat treatment temperature. The hardness results are shown in Figure 11b and show an increase in hardness with decrease in load.
b) Figure 11, Macro instrumented indentation test results for heat treated CuCrZr.
Summary of Results. Due to the small sample size, it is not possible to generalize the results, meaning the experiences of the four elderly in this study do not necessarily reflect all the experiences of elderly in Tilburg. If referred to the elderly or elderly in general, we are referring to participants in this study. The same goes for lower-income participants. Within this limitation, the results provide rich qualitative data expressing how elderly, women with lower income and wheelchair users experience their transport journeys.
Summary of Results. Due to the small sample size, it is not possible to generalize the results, meaning the experiences of the seven elderly in this study do not necessarily reflect all the experiences of elderly in Flanders. If referred to the elderly or elderly in general, we are referring to participants in this study. Within this limitation, the results provide rich qualitative data expressing how elderly experience their transport journey with the dial-a-bus.
3.4.1 Elderly Opportunities - Due to retirement, the elderly participants have more time. They travel outside of peak hours, often for leisure and family. - The elderly are resilient and can ask for help, but they need to feel comfortable doing so. If they ask for help, it is often on family ties. - This group is diverse. Some elderly have good digital capabilities and are not help dependent. These are often elderly who perceive no financial limitations, which could indicate that their work before retirement has provided these digital capabilities. - If they can afford it, they call a taxi if they can't figure it out online - In the case of the dial-a-bus, participants appreciated that they had to call the first time; they felt well helped and comfortable. The dial a bus system is very successful for people with low digital capabilities. The makes the dial-a-bus such a success is that it is a very personal, human service. They feel comfortable asking questions and feel well helped. Many rely on this system and have made use of it for many years. Even participants who know how to plan a trip online often prefer to keep using the phone service. This is a system that worked well for people with low digital capabilities. - They learned about the dial-a-bus service through friends, flyers or promotions, like on the market but not online Challenges - They are often insecure about their digital abilities. Even if they manage to find the correct information, they don't trust this information to be correct completely because they doubt their ability to find it. - Elderly stated to have difficulties processing much information at the same time. Signs, websites and apps that show a lot of information simultaneously are perceived as cluttered and not helpful. Having more information is not always better. - Some elderly are completely help dependent on their partners. Their partner always does this for them, making them not develop digital travel skills. This makes them vulnerable to exclusion if they can't rely on their partner...
Summary of Results. Due to the small sample size, it is not possible to generalize the results, meaning the experiences of the low-income women in this study do not necessarily reflect all low- income women in Barcelona. If referred to the low-income women in general, we are referring to participants in this study. Within this limitation, the results provide rich qualitative data expressing how low-income women experience their transport journeys.
5.4.1 Low-income women Challenges - Exclusion due to finances does not limit their digital capabilities. Opportunities - They often are smartphone-dependent. Often, they don’t have both a computer and a smartphone. If they have to choose, they choose for a smartphone and use it also for actions you would otherwise use a computer for. - The mode of travel matters. Most of the participants who travel by public transport describe feelings of anxiety or even fear when they know they will have to head out to travel. In contrast, those who travel by car feel fine. - Lack of confidence in the public transportation system can cause anxiety and can be the result of unreliable travel time, punctuality or being afraid that they will miss the bus stop because it is not clearly indicated. Travel time: the same journey could take 7 minutes by car and 55 minutes by bus. This was perceived as very frustrated. - For many participants, travelling by bus was more the only choice than the preferred choice. The most important reason for anxiety while travelling is perceived unsafety. Causes for this are unsafe neighbourhoods, other passengers that are seen as untrustworthy, robbery and wild boars in some locations. These feelings intensify during the night, especially for women. If they feel unsafe, they often state to prefer to travel by car if they could afford it. - Several participants mentioned that the price-quality balance is off. They feel like they pay way too much for what they are getting in service. This also has to do with their low salaries. Too big of a portion of their salary is designated to bus travel to work.
Summary of Results. CSWT’s investment in this project was sufficient to allow the drawing of con- clusions on the potential of the Event-B method: in particular, in the context of safety and mission critical systems engineering. Prior to this activity CSWT had not worked with formal methods but known successful applications of formal methods on real cases such as the Paris metro, A380 avionics and the UK National Air Traffic Services (NATS) - Interim Future Area Control Tool Support (iFACTS) set high ex- pectations. CSWT investment was carefully controlled and the model produced was relatively simple as shown in table 8.2. Notwithstanding this, the results achieved were encouraging and CSWT is already working on two additional projects where the Event-B method is being used. Metric Value Number of Axioms 8 Number of Events 13 Number of Invariants 14 Number of refinements 2 1 Cyber-physical systems are integrations of computing and physical mechanisms engineered to provide physical services including transportation, energy distribution, manufacturing, medical care and management of critical infrastructure 000 Xxxx Xxxx, Xxxx Xxxx,Xxxxx Xxxxxxxx The experience of CSWT with formal methods showed that there are two main advantages to be gained: Requirements strengthening : XXXXX and the automatic proof generation mech- anism highlight when there is a problem with the system requirements. Thinking about the problem in terms of sets and invariants pushes the system engineer to further think about the problem and the solution and to come up with a more complete set of requirements that can be verified using proof generation. Traceability between refinements : XXXXX and the refinement mechanism facil- itate a breakdown of the system and guarantee the consistency and traceability between different levels of refinement. The fact that traceability between refine- ments is ensured by the tool is key to managing large scale models There are still a number of characteristics that are important for CSWT which have potential and which may be improved: Traceability between requirements and formal model: traceability between re- quirements specified in a natural language and the formal model (static and dynamic models) is done manually, CSWT believes this should be automated. There are several tools which provide mechanisms to ensure requirements spec- ified in tool A are synchronised with design models specified in tool B, and any changes in the requirements are flowed down to the design mode...
Summary of Results. The exhibits below shows the results of the benefit-cost analysis for the West Basin Railyard using 7% and 3% discount rates. In both cases, the project costs are slightly lower than the total project costs presented earlier due to discounting. The net benefit equals the total discounted benefits minus the total discounted costs, while the benefit-cost ratio represents the benefits divided by the costs. The exhibits show the total reduction in tons of CO2 over the 20-year period as well as the value of the reductions in 2010 dollars using the methodology described earlier. Note that the exhibits show the reduction as “additional CO2 emissions,” so the reduction and the benefits are shown as negative numbers. These negative numbers are comparable to the positive benefits shown in the emission cost savings and are a subset of these savings (no double counting occurred).
Summary of Results. Standard evaluation was broken into two sets based on the issues outlined in section 12.8.2. These issues are very apparent in the AA standards analyses, but gravimetric assay comparisons to the standards used are excellent (Figure 12-1). Out of 218 standards there were only 18 failures, or a rate of 1 in 12 (Table 12-2). Two of these failures were either misnumbered bags, or standards placed into the wrong bags (APCX-224 215, and APR-210 075), and 4 can be considered actual bad assays (APRF-227-035, APR-210-115, APRF-215-015, and APCX-214-075). All other assays have variances falling between 10 and 20%, with 5 standards assaying at just over 10%. An interesting observation for these standard results is that contained gold concentrations of the standards are between 3 and 8 ppm. All have exceeded the 2x accepted standard deviation flag, however, and have been considered failed. Variances and standard deviation checks for the 110 AA finish standard results are poor. At least 70% of the samples failed the 2x standard deviation flag, and at least 40 exceed the 10% variance limit. Some of this can be accounted for. At least 6 standards are affected by out-of-sequence errors. These have been fixed. Others include two mislabeled standards (APC-206-035 and APRF-217-135), and six true busts. There are 2 standards, OXK 18 and OXN 33, which routinely assayed with variances better than 10% (7 analyses) but missed the standard deviation flag. The remaining analytical problems involve the standards SF12 and OXE21. Accepted values are 0.891 ppm and 0.651 ppm, respectively. SF12 is a sulfide matrix while OXE21 is an oxide matrix. Standard deviations for these two particular standards are tight, at 3% each. Except for the 6 true busts all values generated for these two standards fall within 20% variance, and often between 10 and 15% of the accepted value (Figure 12-2). The lab considered the values acceptable, according to its equipment standards. Since only two standards are affected by the phenomenon, matrix problems (improper digestions or fluxes caused by non-, or weakly-reactive, reagents) may be the issue. ALS Chemex has experienced issues with clay-rich matrices causing incomplete digestion (Hxxxxx Xxxxxx, personal communication, 2004). Given the problems with standards SF12 and OXE21 it is hard to accept the values at lower levels. However these standards only represent assays from 500 ppb to 900 ppb, at the lower end of the scale of Atna’s current interests. Grav...
