Trip Distribution Sample Clauses

Trip Distribution. The most common trip distribution model used in statewide modeling are the gravity models (NASEM, 2017), which are based on the mathematical function form of the law of gravity in that travel activities between two TAZs are assumed to be positively proportional to the product of trip production at one TAZ and trip attraction at the other, weighted inversely by a function of travel time between the two TAZs (Ortúzar and Willumsen, 2011). The strength of the gravity models is that they are easy to implement (i.e., only three variables needed in the simplest form) and easy to calibrate. Calibration of a gravity model involves adjusting parameters of the gravity function until the observed average trip length distribution is matched by the model (Xxxxxxx and Xxxxxxxxx, 2011). However, gravity models cannot effectively model long-distance trips (e.g., trips over 50 miles) because the inverse weight of travel time increases drastically as distance increases such that the curve of the gravity function flattens out to values close to zero after a certain distance (Ortúzar and Willumsen, 2011). This is one of the reasons that statewide models usually incorporate separate long-distance passenger travel models (NASEM, 2017). The logit-based destination choice model is the other commonly used model for trip distribution (NASEM, 2017). A logit destination model hypothesizes that the probability of choosing one particular TAZ depends on the ratio of the TAZ’s utility, which is expressed as a function of land use characteristics of the TAZ (e.g., population, employment, and distance to the TAZ), to the sum of the utilities of all TAZs (Ortúzar and Willumsen, 2011). Some consider logit destination distribution models the best practice for trip distribution (VDOT, 2014), because the logit model form enables consideration of multiple factors that can affect destination choice, while the gravity models theoretically only allow for three variables (i.e., without considering composite variables) in the model form. In addition, the logit models do not have the limitation as gravity models in modeling long-distance trips. In practice, gravity models are far more commonly used for statewide modeling (i.e., 22 gravity models versus 11 logit models according NCHRP synthesis 514). Generally, use of the gravity model for trip distribution is considered acceptable practice in all regions. In small regions, the gravity model for trip distribution also is considered recommended practice...
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Trip Distribution. LSA will update the gravity-based trip distribution model using information from the NHTS add-on and the Census Transportation Planning Package (CTPP). New friction factors will be calibrated for each of the trip purposes included in the updated model using the NHTS add-on. Calibrated friction factors will be validated against available supplementary data, such as CTPP data. Friction factor calibration and validation will be based on trip length and/or time distributions, average trip lengths, and average travel times. LSA will document the resulting trip distribution model, friction factors, and validation in a technical memorandum. Trip distribution parameters may be adjusted during the traffic assignment calibration/validation phase. LSA will implement a speed feedback loop to replace estimated congested speeds that would otherwise be used to perform trip distribution. LSA will modify the model stream to iteratively run trip distribution and assignment until convergence criteria has been met. Feedback will be implemented using a direct feedback method, the Method of Successive Averages, or a Constant-Weight method. The best method will be chosen based on a comparison of convergence characteristics of the three methods.
Sample 1
Trip Distribution a. Extra trip distributions shall be equalized as possible by total hours paid. Extra trips will be posted at least three (3) days in advance, when possible, in the bus garage on the bulletin board. An up-to-date listing showing the hours paid, hours refused (in red), and total hours will be maintained and posted after each trip on the appropriate bulletin board. The total hours will be the deciding factor as to who will take the next trip out, starting with the lowest to the highest hours. Weekend trips will be assigned by seniority rotating through the list. The trips will be assigned once per week during the meeting that takes place the last scheduled workday of the week, unless an alternate date is agreed upon. At the beginning of each school year, seniority will be used for the first trip out and so on down the list until all drivers have total hours. Thereafter, total hours shall be the deciding factor except when two or more drivers have the same total hours, then seniority shall have preference. Any driver added to an already active list will be given three (3) hours above the highest number of hours on the list. Drivers who choose to drive summer trips will not have such trips counted for the school year's total hours. Distribution of summer extra trips shall be rotated by seniority. The substitution for summer special education buses/vans will be filled in accordance with section 13.3.I.
Sample 1
Trip Distribution. Trip distribution using a gravity model or other recommended framework that takes into account various impedances. The RFP indicates a desire to include sensitivity to other, non-auto, modes of travel within the trip distribution process. Subject to constraints an enhanced gravity model or destination choice model will be implemented. A fairly robust gravity model would include segmentation by income and time period as well as different friction factors for internal and external trips. If a Home-base University trip purpose is implemented, a separate distance-based university trip distribution model can be calibrated to student household information. The logsums from the mode choice model contain information about the available modes and could be incorporated into a gravity model, but this approach will need to be considered against the additional level of effort versus the gains in sensitivity of the distribution process. Destination Choice models provide enhancements over traditional gravity models. Regions of varying size have moved from gravity-based to destination choice models. While region size is one part of the decision on which trip distribution approach is best, it is even more important to consider the needs of a region related to what different model structures can offer. For example, a destination choice model could help NIRPC better represent some very relevant transportation options. Some of the key aspects of destination choice are listed below. • Transit Sensitivity—Gravity models typically only consider auto travel time and do not account for transit in computing the impedance measure used in trip distribution. While there have been models that use multimodal impedances for the gravity model, there have often been issues with consistency when combined with mode choice models. Adoption of destination choice is generally more consistent with mode choice models and can reflect the propensity of trip makers to make trips within transit corridors, which is especially important for the evaluation of new transit options that are added to the transportation network. • HOV and Managed Lane Sensitivity—Similar to the impact of transit on travel impedance, destination choice models can more fully reflect the addition of HOV and managed lanes to the network. Managed lanes can make trips using less congested managed lanes more attractive, especially to higher income trip makers. • Additional Market Segmentation—Destination choice can more fully consi...
Sample 1
Trip Distribution. The current version of FLSWM utilizes a combination of a gravity model and a destination choice model for trip distribution. For the five main passenger internal trip purposes (HBW, HBSH, HBO, HBSR and NHB), the destination choice model is used. The TT, SDEI, and LDB trip purposes use the gravity model approach. Gravity Model The friction factors Fij used in version 7 are the same as those of version 6. The gravity model for trip distribution of TT, SDEI, and LDB is described by the following equation:‌‌ where: Xxx = Trips (volume) originating at TAZ i and destined to TAZ j Oi = Total trips originating at i‌‌ Dj = Total trips destined at j Fij = Friction factor for trip interchange ij i = Origin analysis area number, i = 1, 2, 3, … n j = Destination analysis area number, j = 1, 2, 3, … n n = Number of analysis areas
Sample 1
Trip Distribution. The Project trip distribution and assignment process represents the directional orientation of traffic to and from the Project site. The trip distribution pattern of passenger cars is heavily influenced by the geographical location of the site, the location of surrounding uses, and the proximity to the regional freeway system. The trip distribution pattern for truck traffic is also influenced by the local truck routes approved by the County of Riverside, the City of Perris, and the California Department of Transportation (Caltrans). Given these differences, separate trip distributions were generated for both passenger cars and truck trips. The Project passenger car trip distribution pattern is graphically depicted on Exhibit 3. The Project truck trip distribution pattern is graphically depicted on Exhibit 4.
Sample 1
Trip Distribution. As directed by City staff, the proposed Project trip distribution patterns will be based on the CVAG counts taken in February/March of 2013 and the peak hour turning movement count data at the intersection of La Quinta Center Drive/Caleo Bay and Avenue 47 that will be taken for this work effort. It is requested that the City provide the CVAG count data conducted in February/March of 2013.
Sample 1
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Trip Distribution. The current version of FLSWM utilizes a combination of a gravity model and a destination choice model for trip distribution. For the five main passenger internal trip purposes (HBW, HBSH, HBO, HBSR and NHB), the destination choice model is used. The TT, SDEI, and LDB trip purposes use the gravity model approach. Gravity Model The friction factors Fij used in version 7 are the same as those of version 6. The gravity model for trip distribution of TT, SDEI, and LDB is described by the following equation:
Sample 1

Related to Trip Distribution

  • Primary Distribution Discount Notes shall be issued and settled through the Fed Book-Entry System in same-day funds and shall be held by designated Fed Participants. After initial issue, all Discount Notes shall continue to be held by such Fed Participants in the Fed Book-Entry System unless arrangements are made for the transfer thereof to other Fed Participants. Discount Notes shall not be exchangeable for definitive Discount Notes.

  • Qualified Reservist Distributions If you are a qualified reservist member called to active duty for more than 179 days or an indefinite period, the payments you take from your IRA during the active duty period are not subject to the 10 percent early distribution penalty tax. 10) Qualified birth or adoption. Payments from your IRA for the birth of your child or the adoption of an eligible adoptee will not be subject to the 10 percent early distribution penalty tax if the distribution is taken during the one-year period beginning on the date of birth of your child or the date on which your legal adoption of an eligible adoptee is finalized. An eligible adoptee means any individual (other than your spouse’s child) who has not attained age 18 or is physically or mentally incapable of self-support. The aggregate amount you may take for this reason may not exceed $5,000 for each birth or adoption. You must file IRS Form 5329 along with your income tax return to the IRS to report and remit any additional taxes or to claim a penalty tax exception.

  • Qualified Distributions Qualified distributions from your Xxxx XXX (both the contributions and earnings) are not included in your income. A qualified distribution is a distribution which is made after the expiration of the five-year period beginning January 1 of the first year for which you made a contribution to any Xxxx XXX (including a conversion from a Traditional IRA), and is made on account of one of the following events. • Attainment of age 59½ • Disability • First-time homebuyer purchase • Death For example, if you made a contribution to your Xxxx XXX for 2007, the five-year period for determining whether a distribution is a qualified distribution is satisfied as of January 1, 2012.

  • When Must Distributions from a Traditional IRA Begin You must begin receiving the assets in your account no later than April 1 following the calendar year in which you reach RMD age.

  • Required Distributions Generally, when you die, designated beneficiary(ies) who are individuals may elect to deplete the Xxxx XXX by the end of the fifth calendar year following your death or to receive payments based on the designated beneficiary(ies)’s life expectancy. If life expectancy payments are elected, the payments must generally begin by December 31 of the first calendar year following your death. If your surviving spouse is your sole designated beneficiary, he or she may delay the first distribution until December 31 of the year you would have attained age 70½, if later. If your designated beneficiary is not an individual or qualified trust (e.g., a charity, your estate, etc.), your Xxxx XXX must be distributed by the end of the fifth calendar year following your death. Generally, each beneficiary may elect the timing and manner regarding the distribution of his or her portion of the Xxxx XXX. Elections must generally be made by December 31 of the year following your death. If timely elections are not made, distributions to designated beneficiaries who are individuals will be made using the life expectancy option. The default provision for designated beneficiaries that are not individuals is the 5-year method. If your beneficiary(ies) fails to withdraw the required amount in any tax year, he or she may be subject to a 50% excess accumulation penalty tax on the amount that should have been withdrawn but was not distributed. If your surviving spouse is the sole designated beneficiary of your Xxxx XXX, he/she may treat your Xxxx XXX as his or her own Xxxx XXX by redesignating your Xxxx XXX as his or her own Xxxx XXX, failing to take a required distribution as a beneficiary, or by making a contribution. Regardless of whether your spouse is your sole designated beneficiary, he or she may roll distributions from your Xxxx XXX into his or her own Xxxx XXX generally within 60 days of receipt. Additional restrictions may apply. CUSTODIAN NOT YOUR ADVISOR UMB Bank, n.a., UMB Distribution Services, LLC, Grand Distributions Services, LLC, and UMB Fund Services, Inc. expressly disclaim any right, duty, authority or responsibility to furnish legal or tax advice relating to your IRA, including but not limited to present or future tax consequences to you or others which may result from the establishment or maintenance of the Custodial Account, the permissible amounts or deductibility of contributions, the effect of withdrawals, the selection of payment options or beneficiaries, any matters pertaining to prohibited transactions, and any other matter whatsoever. You are advised and encouraged to consult with professional counsel of your own selection respecting all such matters.

  • Unbundled Sub-Loop Distribution Intrabuilding Network Cable (USLD-INC) is the distribution facility owned or controlled by BellSouth inside a building or between buildings on the same property that is not separated by a public street or road. USLD-INC includes the facility from the cross connect device in the building equipment room up to and including the point of demarcation at the End User’s premises.

  • Contract Distribution The Employer will provide all current and new employees with a link to the new Agreement. Each department or unit will maintain a paper copy of the contract accessible to all employees.

  • Accounts Distributions (a) On or prior to the Closing Date, the Indenture Trustee shall establish and maintain or cause to be established and maintained, in the name of the Indenture Trustee for the benefit of the Noteholders, the Transferor and the Insurer, the Distribution Account as provided in Article V of the Sale and Servicing Agreement into which amounts shall be deposited in accordance with the terms of the Sale and Servicing Agreement.

  • Overtime Distribution The Employer and the Union will discuss Departmental or agency specific overtime distribution policies at the Departmental or agency level. The Employer agrees to follow its existing overtime distribution policies until changed as a result of Employer/Union negotiation.

  • Tax Distributions Tax distributions shall be made not less often than quarterly to each Member at the times (other than at the time of a Terminating Capital Event) necessary to provide the Members with sufficient minimum cash distributions to pay an amount equal to their quarterly estimated (and final annual) tax liabilities for all taxable periods directly related to taxable income (in excess of losses allocated to such Member for all prior periods) reportable by such Member as set forth on U.S. Schedule K-1 with respect to such Member’s interest in the LLC (including with respect to any year in which such Member sold its interest, whether during or after employment); provided, however, that each of the foregoing amounts shall be determined, in the case of a Member that is itself a pass-through entity, as if the equity owners of such Member were themselves Members of the LLC; and, provided, further, that the amount of such distributions shall be computed assuming the highest combined federal and state individual income tax rate in Texas and assuming (unless federal tax law is amended to provide otherwise) state taxes are deductible federally (such distributions, “Tax Distributions”) and shall take into account any amounts withheld and remitted to any tax authority by the LLC pursuant to any Withholding Tax Act as described in Section 7(k). Tax Distributions shall also be made within 30 days after the receipt of a final assessment with respect to any federal or state income tax audit of the LLC’s income tax returns. Tax Distributions shall be treated as advances of distributions that would otherwise be made in the absence of provisions of this Section 6(c), and distributions made pursuant to Section 6(a) shall be taken into account in determining the amount to be distributed pursuant hereto. If, following the end of any Fiscal Year, the LLC determines that it has made Tax Distributions to a Member that exceed the amount of distributions that would otherwise have been made to such Member with respect to such Fiscal Year in the absence of this Section 6(c), the LLC shall be authorized to recover such excess amount by reducing future distributions to such Member; provided, however, that the LLC shall retain the right, exercisable in its discretion, to recover any unpaid portion of such excess amount directly from such Member (or former Member). For the avoidance of doubt, it is the meaning and intention of this Section 6(c) that Tax Distributions shall fully and timely fund the federal and state income tax liability attributable to any taxable income (in excess of losses allocated to a Member for all prior periods) reportable by a Member as set forth on U.S. Schedule K-1 with respect to such Member’s LLC Interest (or, if such Member is itself a pass-through entity, the equity owners thereof), and, to the extent that Tax Distributions do not fully achieve this result, the LLC shall use reasonable efforts to accelerate or increase Tax Distributions accordingly, including, if reasonably practicable, following the occurrence of a Terminating Capital Event if the timing of the winding up and dissolution of the LLC following such Terminating Capital Event is such that income tax liability on amounts to be distributed on account thereof must be paid by the Members in the interim, and provided, however, that it shall not be deemed reasonable for the LLC to accelerate or increase Tax Distributions in the event that doing so would result in the LLC’s failing to have reasonable working capital reserves or would cause the LLC not to be in compliance with regulatory requirements, although in any such event the LLC would use reasonable efforts to borrow the funds necessary to accelerate or increase such Tax Distributions so as to fully and timely fund the federal and state income tax liabilities of the Members (or the equity owners of Members that are themselves pass-through entities).

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