Literature Search. What are other people doing?
Literature Search. What are other people doing? How are their results being applied?
Literature Search. A systematic literature review was undertaken in August 2016 to identify studies that provide evidence relating to the effectiveness, costs and cost-effectiveness of SS or similar programs provided by pharmacists to individuals living in the community. The grey literature was also searched, as were the reference lists of included studies. Table ES.1 presents the evidence selection criteria. Population Community patients with a mental illness, drug dependency or who are otherwise unable to manage their self-administered medicines safely. Subpopulations: patients with confusion and/or significant disorientation patients at risk of accidental or deliberate self-harm or harm to others patients at risk of non-adherence to a medication regime patients at risk of misuse or on-selling of the medication Intervention Supply of prescription medicines (e.g. opioid analgesics and medicines used for the treatment of mental health disorders) to a patient in periodic instalments of less than the originally prescribed quantity, at agreed time intervals (x.x. xxxxx, weekly or as directed by the prescriber) by a community pharmacy. Note: Excludes the supply of medicines related to opioid substitution therapy. Comparator Community patients in the absence of the intervention. Outcomes adherence/compliance/concordance with prescribed dose schedule clinical outcomes (e.g. psychological symptoms in patients with mental illness) adverse drug events/reactions and medication-related problems mortality health care resource use (ED attendance, hospitalisation, GP visits, specialist visits) patient acceptance/satisfaction health-related quality of life costs and cost-effectiveness Study design Comparative studies (randomised or non-randomised controlled trials, cohort studies, case control studies) or systematic reviews of comparative studies. Applicability to the Australian context will be considered Publication type Full English-language publications or reports. Conference abstracts are excluded. Search period No year restrictions Abbreviations: ED, emergency department; GP, general practitioner; SS, Staged Supply. The systematic literature search did not identify any studies that fulfilled the criteria outlined in Table ES.1. The Pharmacy Guild of Australia was subsequently notified and asked whether they are aware of any relevant studies. The Guild set about searching for evidence but did not provide any studies to the review team. The targeted search of the websites of relevant ph...
Literature Search. A robust literature search is vital in any research process. The literature search helps to improve the credibility of the research process in that it facilitates the identification of relevant and up-to-date background literature on the research topic and allows readers to assess the authenticity of the research process and the relevance of the findings to their area of practice (Xxxxxx and Xxxxxxxxx, 2014). Xxxxxx and Xxxxxxxxx (2014) emphasise the importance of a clear outline of the search process to enable readers to assess the thoroughness of the search and be able to reproduce the search process. Due to the limited research on compassionate care in mental health nursing, a scoping review was undertaken (Xxxxxx and Xxxxxxxxx, 2014) to provide a contextual background to the study. Xxxxxx and Xxxxxxxxx (2014) suggest that a scoping review is appropriate for broader research questions because it helps to explore the field of interest, establishes research in the area, maps the available literature for the review, summarises the findings and identifies gaps in the research. Given the lack of research in mental health nursing it was considered appropriate to broaden the search to include other specialities in nursing in order to identify empirical studies on compassionate care that would provide a background for the study.
Literature Search. A search using the electronic databases Embase (1974-present), Medline® (1946-present), PsycINFO (1806-present) using Ovid and Science Citation Index Expanded (1900-present), Social Sciences Citation Index (1956-present) and Arts & Humanities Citation Index (1975-present) using Web of Science® to identify relevant articles written in English in peer reviewed journals during available years of publication to March 2013 (week 4) following the PRISMA guidelines (Moher, Liberati, Tetzlaff, & Xxxxxx, 2010) was undertaken. The keywords used in the search were: EATING DISORDER* or ANOREX* or BULIMI* or BINGE EATING DISORDER* which were combined with search terms outlined in the ‘Systems for Social Processes’ presented in Table 1. The limiter ‘not COLLEGE STUDENT*’ reduced the amount of non-clinical studies returned (* indicates truncation).
Literature Search. A systematic literature review was undertaken in August 2016 to identify studies that provide evidence relating to the effectiveness, costs and cost-effectiveness of CI or similar programs provided by pharmacists to individuals living in the community. The grey literature was also searched, as were the reference lists of included studies. Table ES.1 presents the evidence selection criteria. Population Community patients taking one or more self-administered medications (prescribed or over- the-counter). ‘Self-administered’ refers to the administration of a medication without the active assistance of a health care professional. It allows for medication administered by a family member or carer. Intervention Any professional activity undertaken by a community pharmacist directed towards improving QUM and resulting in a recommendation for a change in a consumer’s medication therapy, means of administration or medication-taking behaviour. Note: The ‘professional activity’ may involve a recommendation for a change of therapy, referral, provision of information, or monitoring in relation to a drug-related problem. A drug-related problem may include: • drug selection (the choice of drug prescribed or taken) • over- or under-dosing (the prescribed dose or schedule of a drug) • compliance (the way the consumer takes the medication) • under-treatment (actual or potential conditions that require management or prevention) • monitoring the efficacy or adverse effects of a drug • education or information about a drug or disease (at the consumer’s request) • toxicity or adverse reaction to a medication • not classifiable Comparator Community patients in the absence of the intervention. Outcomes • adherence/compliance/concordance with prescribed dose schedule (e.g. pill count, self- report) • change in patient management • clinical outcomes (e.g. BP in patients with hypertension, HbA1c in patients with diabetes) • adverse drug events/reactions and medication-related problems • mortality • health care resource use (ED attendance, hospitalisation, GP visits, specialist visits, pathology or other investigations) • patient acceptance/satisfaction • health-related quality of life • costs and cost-effectiveness Study design Comparative studies (randomised or non-randomised controlled trials, cohort studies, case control studies) or systematic reviews of comparative studies. Applicability to the Australian context will be considered. Publication type Full English-language publicat...
Literature Search. A systematic literature review was undertaken in August 2016 to identify studies that provide evidence relating to the effectiveness, costs and cost-effectiveness of CI or similar programs provided by pharmacists to individuals living in the community. The grey literature was also searched, as were the reference lists of included studies. Table ES.1 presents the evidence selection criteria. Table ES.1 Selection criteria for evidence relating to CI services provided by community pharmacies Population Community patients taking one or more self-administered medications (prescribed or over-the-counter). ‘Self-administered’ refers to the administration of a medication without the active assistance of a health care professional. It allows for medication administered by a family member or carer. Intervention Any professional activity undertaken by a community pharmacist directed towards improving QUM and resulting in a recommendation for a change in a consumer’s medication therapy, means of administration or medication-taking behaviour. Note: The ‘professional activity’ may involve a recommendation for a change of therapy, referral, provision of information, or monitoring in relation to a drug-related problem. A drug-related problem may include: drug selection (the choice of drug prescribed or taken) over- or under-dosing (the prescribed dose or schedule of a drug) compliance (the way the consumer takes the medication) under-treatment (actual or potential conditions that require management or prevention) monitoring the efficacy or adverse effects of a drug education or information about a drug or disease (at the consumer’s request) toxicity or adverse reaction to a medication not classifiable Comparator Community patients in the absence of the intervention. Outcomes adherence/compliance/concordance with prescribed dose schedule (e.g. pill count, self-report) change in patient management clinical outcomes (e.g. BP in patients with hypertension, HbA1c in patients with diabetes) adverse drug events/reactions and medication-related problems mortality health care resource use (ED attendance, hospitalisation, GP visits, specialist visits, pathology or other investigations) patient acceptance/satisfaction health-related quality of life costs and cost-effectiveness Study design Comparative studies (randomised or non-randomised controlled trials, cohort studies, case control studies) or systematic reviews of comparative studies. Applicability to the Australian context wil...
Literature Search. Among the 1029 articles identified through the search, 627 were screened after removing duplicates. Subsequently, 364 articles were excluded based on their titles and abstracts (Fig.
Literature Search. Finding tertiary sources such as journal articles and political reviews to inform the chapters on theoretical framework and relevant initiatives, was done using several sources of information. A great amount of research have been done on the issues of sustainable development, climate change and green economy by institutions in the UN system and observatory NGOs such as the ICTSD. For example, UNEP has a vast range of reports on the subjects. Much of my research and literature stems from the UN system. These reports, such as the UNEP (2011) “Towards a Green Economy: Pathways to Sustainable Development and Poverty Eradication” and IPCCs “Climate Change 2013: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change” are fundamental pieces connecting the research of thousands of scientists from the entire world together. When searching for relevant academic literature outside of the UN and WTO systems, the Scopus and ISI Web of Knowledge search engines, and occasionally Google Scholar and BIBSYS Ask was used. The most common search words were sustainability, green economy, international agreements, credibility, environmental goods, and environment. Below is an illustration of search processes from identifying search words to discovering relevant literature. Examples of search words with Scopus:
1. (environment OR green) w/1 (goods OR products)
2. (sustainable development goals) AND (green economy)
3. (environmental w/1 goods) AND (agreement OR negotiation* OR initiative)
4. (International environmental agreements) AND ( effects ) Examples of search words with ISI Web of Knowledge:
1. sustainable NEAR/1 development NEAR/1 goal* AND environment
2. definition NEAR/1 green NEAR/1 products When searching for “(environmental w/1 goods) AND (agreement OR negotiation* OR initiative)” in Scopus, 95 results were found. By sorting by ‘Relevance’, X. Xxxxxxxx-Xxxxxxxx’x article “The environmental goods and services industry” emerged as number 10 on the list. Sorting the same result by ‘Date’ led to X. Xxxxxxxx and X. Xx Xxxx’x article “Removing barriers to trade on environmental goods: An appraisal” at place number 9. The initial search for literature in Scopus and ISI Web of Knowledge did not provide a good number of relevant articles. This might have been because the issue I was investigating had not been sufficiently narrowed at that point in time. A later search for “(International envi...
Literature Search. Part C of Annex II of the Grant Agreement was examined to clarify the responsibilities of FixO³ partners to protect the EC and FixO³ partners’ rights of access to Background and Foreground IP. The EC IPR Helpdesk fact sheets were examined and the sections relevant to FixO³ were extracted. A number of publications from the Irish enterprise development agency, Enterprise Ireland, relating to commercialisation and the licensing of IPR from publicly funded research were examined and sections relevant to FixO³ extracted. University IPR agreements were researched including the IPR sections of the “Commercialisation Handbook” of Dublin City University and the Xxxxxxx IPR Agreements published by the Xxxxxxx Working Group on IP (xxxxx://xxx.xxx.xx/xxxxxxx-toolkit#history-of-the-xxxxxxx-working-group-on-ip). “Exchanging value, negotiating technology licensing agreements, A Training Manual” published by the World Intellectual Property Organisation is a valuable resource to inform the negotiation process.
