Summary of Study Sample Clauses

Summary of Study. Millions of laboratory employees are exposed to organic solvents on a daily basis while performing research. The prevention of occupational exposures requires a thorough knowledge of and appropriate attitude towards the effects of these solvents. A KAP survey was conducted among laboratory workers to find out the prevalence of good knowledge and appropriate attitude among them.

Summary of Study. Education remains a central component of any Nation’s developmental engine to harness its gains, education system need to be; clearly defined, legislatively protected from any political selfish dictates, owned by relevant stakeholders, adequately financed and constantly subjected to periodic technical consultation and reviews to meet the dynamic trends of ever changing world. The education system in Kenya is anchored in the constitution of Kenya 2010 which elaborate the provisions that touch on matters of education. The Fourth schedule, Part 1 and 2 allocate functions in management of education between National and County Governments. The research study sought to examine the cooperation between the two levels of Governments in the provision of ECDE, a case study of Nairobi County education sector. The key study research area that were sought were; examination of cooperative legal framework between the County and National government in provision of ECDE in Nairobi City County. Secondly establishment whether or not there exists cooperation between the two levels of governments in management of human resource in provision of ECDE in Nairobi City County. Thirdly sought to examine whether or not there exists cooperation mechanism between the two levels of government in ECDE infrastructure development and management. Finally examination of financial resource allocation between the two levels of government in provision of ECDE in Nairobi City County. The question perhaps that could be in the mind of many in regard to the study was, why a research study in cooperation between the two levels of governments in provision of ECDE? The reason is found first in devolution process in Kenya through the promulgation of the constitution of Kenya 2010 which made Government to exist at two levels. And the Fourth schedule, part 2 has the function of pre-primary education as a County government responsibility and that being the case, the Early Childhood Development Education (ECDE) globally and Kenya in particular had been recognized as a crucial programme that lays a foundation for a child’s holistic and integrated education that meets the cognitive, social, spiritual, emotional, physical and developmental needs, this therefore generates interest considering the important role it plays in the cycle of learning as an entry point and foundation, thereby drawing attention on how it is managed in these era of devolution. The finding of the study showed that the majority of the res...

Summary of Study. Missing data in epidemiologic studies may impact the results of multivariate models. Depending on the pattern and amount of missing data, missing data can influence the conclusions of studies, especially those that use multivariate models. In most statistical software, multivariate models remove cases from analysis when missing data is present. This reduces the sample size and may lead to biased results. In situations where this is highly probable, an investigation of the impact of missing data will need to be performed. Most studies do not evaluate the impact of missing data. A study published by Fielding, et al.58 reported that 59% (36 out of 61 randomly selected studies) of studies with missing data published in the New England Journal of Medicine, Journal of the American Medical Association, BMJ, and Lancet from 2005 to 2006 did not account for the potential impact that missing data may have on the conclusions of individual studies. Similarly, ▇▇▇▇, et al.8 reported that 89% (63 out of 71 randomly selected studies reviewed) published in the New England Journal of Medicine, Journal of the American Medical Association, BMJ, and Lancet between July and December 2001 had missing data. Most of the studies (92%) applied complete-case analysis which is the default mode for statistical software when dealing with missing data. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of missing data on two case studies that used multivariate models. In Case study 1, ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇, et al.17 used multivariate models to evaluate the association between adherence and achievement of 25% lipid panel reductions (e.g., LDL, TC, and non-HDL). In Case study 2, ▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇, et al.18 used multiple linear regression to evaluate the association between GLP-1 agonists (exenatide or liraglutide) and HbA1c reduction. In both cases, complete-case analysis was performed in handling missing data; however, the impact of missing data was not evaluated.

Summary of Study. Deaths resulting from drug overdoses are the leading cause of injury death in the United States and are often a result of nonmedical use or misuse of prescription opioids (CDC, 2014). Unintentional overdoses from prescription opioids have caused more deaths than overdoses from heroin and cocaine combined (CDC, 2011). In 2013, an estimated 4.5 million people over the age of 12 in the United States used prescription pain relievers for nonmedical purposes (SAMSHA, 2014). While strategies exist to combat this epidemic, current monitoring and surveillance systems in place do not provide officials with real-time data. Research shows that substantial changes have taken place over time in the geographic distribution of opioid-related mortality (▇▇▇▇▇▇▇▇ ▇▇ et al., 2008). A need exists for a public health platform to help public health workers predict where in the United States a rise in misuse or overdose may be occurring, so that evidence-informed strategies may be implemented as quickly as possible. This study examined the extent to which content of Twitter conversation (or "tweets") related to prescription opioid use reflects larger behavioral patterns and documented prescribing, overdose, and nonmedical use rates. It was designed to analyze how Twitter users describe prescription opioid use and misuse on Twitter, whether there were discernible state- specific trends in the quantity of tweets, and whether the variations in tweets by state reflected variations in prescribing rates. A search was conducted for all tweets mentioning keywords related to prescription opioids during a six-month period. The tweets were filtered to include only those originating from individuals discussing individual prescription opioid use and who could potentially be abusing the drugs, as evidenced by the number of tweets sent. The tweets were sorted by user- identified geographic location and qualitatively analyzed for content indicative of misuse according to four categories: overdose, dependence, co-ingestion, and seeking. Rates were calculated to determine the number of Twitter users tweeting about prescription opioid use per 100,000 Internet users in each state. The rates were compared to state-specific prescribing rates, nonmedical use rates, and overdose rates. Results demonstrated that Twitter users are engaging in conversation about prescription opioid use, and the majority mention behaviors that are indicative of misuse. A modest, statistically significant correlation betwee...

Summary of Study. This was a retrospective cohort study of 398 Filipino immigrants determined to be at increased risk for TB during their overseas medical screening who arrived at DTW (first port of U.S. entry) for the 9 months between December 2006 and August 2007. The research question was whether or not the written referral used at the Detroit Quarantine Station and verbal instructions given upon U.S. entry would effectively increase the likelihood that a U.S.-based TB evaluation would be completed. The results of this study did not support the use of the current written referral and verbal instructions as an effective method for increasing the likelihood that immigrants would complete their U.S. TB evaluation. Slightly more than half (53%) of U.S. TB evaluations were completed by this cohort. There was no significant difference in the rate of U.S. evaluations completed between those immigrants that received the written referral and those that did not. Furthermore, the length of time between U.S. arrival and completion of U.S. TB evaluation was not significantly shorter for immigrants receiving a referral. While study findings did not support the use of the current referral tool and was limited to just one port of entry and a single country of origin, results may be useful in planning or revising public health interventions for other immigrant populations seeking permanent U.S. residence. Two additional study findings of possible public health interest were incomplete U.S. physical TB evaluations recorded for immigrants being treated for TB at time of U.S. arrival (8 of 11) and the significant disproportion of U.S. evaluations completed between individuals classified as B2 over those classified as B1. While the number of newly arrived immigrants under current treatment was quite small (11) and policy changes in the 2007/2009 TIs would prevent travel prior to TB treatment completion, this remains an important sub-population to target for continuity of care for those countries that have not yet adopted the new TIs. Individuals in this study cohort received overseas screening under the 1991 TIs. The disproportion of completed U.S. TB evaluations between immigrants classified as B2 over those classified as B1 may not be relevant for the same reasons as more countries adopt the 2007 TIs. However, periodic assessment of this variable could be useful as it may indicate the need to address local public health policies regarding post-migration TB follow-up, or differences as a gr...

Summary of Study. The Formulary Agent(s) to be provided: Formulary Agent(s) will be used in the following approved clinical trial: Formulary Agent(s) will be used in the following approved research proposal: The documents listed below must be on file at CTEP prior to Formulary Protocol approval and shipment of PMB-supplied Formulary Agent(s):

Summary of Study. The internal ▇▇▇▇▇ database was searched by reported date range, for a list of device product codes that was informed by the literature review, and for a set of product problem codes related to surgical fires. The results were then narrowed by keyword terms also informed by the literature review. The records were exported to a spreadsheet and each was read through manually to identify reports of surgical fire. The data was then analyzed to determine the number of surgical fire reports referencing oxygen use, or the use of an alcohol-based skin preparation agent. The severity of the outcomes and the devices associated with surgical fires were also analyzed.

Summary of Study. According to the Department of Human Resources “2007 Status of Oral Health in Georgia Report, “poor oral health is one of Georgia’s most pressing public health problems” (GDHR, 2007). Children living in rural areas of Georgia are disproportionately affected by dental problems due to limited access to care. The main barrier to dental care is lack of dental providers in rural, Southeast Georgia. To provide a safety net for its constituents the SEHD applied for and obtained a HRSA grant to implement a school-based teledentistry program. As part of the grant evaluation and to assess the practicality of teledentistry services a cost-effectiveness analysis of the program was conducted. The cost and healthcare outcome (number of children who received services) was compared to the cost and healthcare outcome of a local dental practice (traditional dentistry). In an attempt to illustrate all costs and benefits to society, an intangible cost, children’s self-esteem, was included in the analysis. Results were obtained by manually conducting common cost-effectiveness equations and by utilizing TreeAge Pro 2.0 software for the decision analysis and sensitivity analysis. The calculations showed that the teledentistry program is both cost-effective and cost saving when compared to traditional dentistry. The decision and sensitivity analyses showed that traditional dentistry had the best expected value (utility) when the intangible cost was excluded but teledentistry had the better expected value when the intangible cost was included. The sensitivity analysis illustrated that the intervention probabilities and estimated costs of both programs were realistic and therefore the overall cost-effectiveness analysis model was robust.

Summary of Study. The overall aim of this study is to examine mothers’ expectations for elementary schools in Volusia County regarding gun safety and their perceptions of the new changes in school safety amongst the elementary schools in Volusia County. Through interviews with mothers, this study will fill the gap in literature by focusing on the perceptions of mothers of elementary school students from Central Florida. The intended purpose is to inform Volusia County schools of current parent perceptions of gun violence prevention programs and to provide Volusia County schools with recommendations to improve upon current gun violence prevention measures and improve diffusion of effective innovations. Gun violence prevention measures were defined in this study as any measure, initiative, program, or policy which purpose is to prevent and/or protect against an active shooter.