Source Code Escrow: Everything you need to know
Source code escrow places software code, data, and documentation in a secure escrow account from a third party in order to mitigate risk during software license negotiations. For example if the software vendor goes out of business, a buyer of the software may request a source code escrow to access the code and other critical materials used to maintain the software.
An organization always ensures that it takes all the required steps that protect the company from any risk exposure that it may face. Source code escrow provides safekeeping against one of such risks. Escrow is an essential concept for companies who deal with or are dependent on a customized software or personalized technological service.
Escrow as a concept is used in various forms, from domain name escrow to trade escrow. The term escrow essentially means safeguarding. One can keep the software, data, a service, or SaaS, etc., in escrow.
An escrow includes an escrow agent who will act whenever there is a dispute between both the parties that are involved in the agreement. These parties include a software vendor, the one who has created the source code and is not selling it to the second party, the software licensee, or the buyer. The vendor must ensure that they deposit the source code while the licensee has the right to release the source code.
A source code escrow helps avoid disputes in the future by enabling the presence of a neutral and independent escrow agent. The agent must ensure that throughout the agreement. The copyright and assets of the vendor are protected and respected while also providing the licensee with the required protection.
- How does a Source Code Escrow Work?
- Understanding Source Code Escrow Better
- Do You Need a Source Code Escrow?
How does a Source Code Escrow Work?
A source code escrow agreement is signed in the same way the other escrows work. Once the terms and conditions of the escrow are agreed upon by both parties, they choose an agent. Here are the responsibilities of each party involved in the agreement that ensures smooth execution of the escrow.
Vendor:
- The vendor will make the initial deposit of the material over which the escrow is being signed.
- They also need to ensure that they will provide updates whenever necessary for the material that is provided.
- They also need to provide market representations and guarantee regarding the material provided.
Buyer:
- During the tenure of the agreement, it is the buyer who overlooks the compliance between the vendor and the escrow agent.
- They also have the right to request any additional verification services pertaining to the material provided when needed.
Escrow Agent:
- It is the agent who receives the final material that the escrow is concerned with and provides the receipt to the buyer.
- They offer additional verification services whenever requested by the buyer.
- Until the conditions of the release of the material are fulfilled, the buyer will hold on to and control the material provided under the agreement.
Understanding Source Code Escrow Better
Here is the short vocabulary that will help you understand source code escrow, and it's working better.Type of Escrow Agreement
Various kinds of escrows can be managed and overlooked by an agent. Most of these are related to technology and work the same way on the ground. There exists technology escrow that is concerned with certain kinds of technologies such as prototypes or an encryption key.
Other escrows include SaaS escrow that is related to the technology and software related to SaaS, such as data, virtual machines, code, etc., and domain name escrow that holds the domain name of the website. This page dives deeper into the types of escrows.
Deposit Material Description
An escrow must contain sufficient details of the deposited material over which the agreement is being reached. The provided material should match the details that are provided in the escrow as well.
The description should include the type of technology that is involved in the product, the source code language, and maintenance documents. It should also include all other information that can help a programmer or a software engineer to work with, modify, maintain, and enhance the source code without any help from the vendor.
Designation of Paying Party
The paying party can either be the buyer, the vendor, or both. This individual has to cover the expenses, including the setup fee and an annual fee, to maintain the agreement.
Single Buyer or Multiple Buyer
The agreement includes three parties. Out of these, the buyer can include a singular entity, or there can be multiple beneficiaries included in the agreement that receive the concerning source code or technology. It can become a little complicated to manage the relationship and rights of both parties in such an agreement.
Release Conditions
These conditions should be as detailed as possible in the agreement. They may vary from one transaction to another based on the financial condition of the vendor. If the vendor enters bankruptcy, the conditions should detail the procedure of release of the source code to be followed in such a situation.
Another form of the condition that should be included is the possibility of occurrence of a future event such as the vendor falling to operate or function as per the course detailed in the agreement. The buyer must provide a notice period to decide whether the Release Conditions are true or not.
Verification Services
Verification services are fulfilled by the agent that ensures the functionality, usability, and accessibility of the material that is deposited by the vendor. There can be various tests included in the verification services, depending upon the nature of the product. These tests are necessary to ensure that the material provided can be executed and used by the buyer in a favorable working environment.
Do You Need a Source Code Escrow?
Now that you have understood the concept and primary function of escrow, the next step is to analyze whether you need it or not. Your need for a source code escrow will depend upon the following factors. To get a detailed analysis, you can refer to this page.
Operational Dependency: Consider you and your organization's dependency on the software. Tally how many employees will be affected if there is a malfunction or irregularity in the forward. Also, estimate the revenue that will be affected because of its unavailability. Higher the numbers, the more the probability that you should get an escrow. Also, consider the time it will take to get a new vendor on board if the current one faces some financial issue.
Vendor Assessment: A new vendor needs to be assessed and analyzed. You will need to ensure that they have a solid track record and product offering. Consider what will happen if the vendor is bankrupt or acquired in the middle of the process.
An escrow is an essential tool that makes sure that the software or technology that your company is dependent on is kept safe from any risk in the future. It is effective and unavoidable with the constant changes in technology.