Global Climate Change. The natural climate system and human systems interact in complex and increasingly numerous ways. The world oceans play a key role in the climate system on both long and short term scales through their absorption and transport of heat and carbon. Understanding the ocean’s role in the climate system is pertinent to understanding and predicting sea level rise, ocean acidification, coupled modes of climate variability on interannual to decadal time scales such as El Nino, the possibility of abrupt climate changes, and the strength and frequency of tropical cyclones. Climate variability and change also will have impacts on the oceans through interactions with ocean ecosystems, biodiversity and fisheries – a resource that currently provides food for 3.5
Global Climate Change. Developing climate change agricultural mitigation, adaptation, and resilience technologies is the best holistic solution to increase food production and ensure improved household nutrition from existing farmland while minimizing the negative impact on the environment. It will be important to identify opportunities for improving farming systems that enhance overall productivity and nutrition for households and to identify adaptation and mitigation strategies to increase resilience of farming to changing climate. These new opportunities can provide employment to youth and women. Individual university workplans have taken global climate change into their planning, and research and extension projects are focused on new crops for Haiti, research which evaluates regional water resources and their changes, and best methods for documentation of soil resources. In addition to research and extension there are also new classes planned that will address global climate change. In both university curriculum and short courses education has been designed for GlS education, water resources planning, soil resource delineation, and cover crop/plant selections for carbon storage. Of particular emphases for climate change are the planned projects that will study carbon storage, water resources, and best methods for crop production in mountains environments.
Global Climate Change. The United Nations-sponsored Kyoto Protocol, which prescribes specific greenhouse gas emission-reduction targets for developed countries, became effective February 16, 2005. Of the countries where Duke Energy has assets, Canada is presently the only one that has a greenhouse gas reduction obligation under the Kyoto Protocol. That obligation is to reduce average greenhouse gas emissions to 6 percent below their 1990 level over the period 2008 to 2012. The Canadian Government’s strategy for achieving its Kyoto reduction target includes, among other things, an emissions intensity-based greenhouse gas cap-and-trade program for large final emitters (LFE). A final LFE rule could be issued sometime in 2006. If an LFE program is ultimately enacted, then all of Duke Energy’s Canadian operations would likely be subject to the program beginning in 2008, with compliance options ranging from the purchase of greenhouse gas credits to actual emission reductions at the source, or a combination of strategies. The United States is not a party to the Kyoto Protocol. Instead, the U.S. greenhouse gas policy currently favors voluntary actions, continued research, and technology development over near-term mandatory greenhouse gas reduction requirements. Although several bills have been introduced in Congress that would compel carbon dioxide (CO2) emission reductions, none have advanced through the legislature and presently there are no federal mandatory greenhouse gas reduction requirements. The likelihood of a federally mandated CO2 emissions reduction program being enacted in the near future, or the specific requirements of any such regime, is highly uncertain. Several states have taken legislative or regulatory steps to manage greenhouse gas emissions; none of which will impact Duke Energy’s operations. A number of U.S. states in the Northeast and far West are discussing the enactment of either state-specific or regional programs that could mandate future reductions in greenhouse gas emissions, or otherwise manage those emissions, although the outcome of those state discussions is highly uncertain. Duke Energy supports the enactment of U.S. federal legislation that would encourage a gradual transition to a lower-carbon-intensive economy. Legislation preferably would be in the form of a federal-level carbon tax or other market based mechanism that provides the policy advantages of a carbon tax approach and also applies to all sectors of the economy. Duke Energy, believing that...
Global Climate Change. Xxxxx Xxxxxxxx will consider varying climate existing in different regions. In quarter two, rapid consultative meetings with key stakeholders will be conducted to inform contextualized packages that will include climate smart practices as relevant to different target communities. Xxxxx Xxxxxxxx team will collaborate with IPs such as WARIDI on affordable WASH technologies including innovations to reduce the risk of environmental enteropathy via work with the private sector and support of women’s and youth livelihood opportunities.
