Tanzania. Tanzania’s Grey Crowned Cranes are well protected within the country’s National Park network. National Parks holding good populations of Grey Crowned Cranes include: Ngorogoro Crater, Serengeti National Park, Ruaha National Park, Katavi National Park, Tarangire National Park, Arusha National Park and Lake Manyara National Park. These parks all have high levels of protection and management is relatively good, although capacity for bird conservation is very limited. The crane also occurs in a few Game Reserves, the largest of these, Moyowosi and Kigoso, also forming the Malagarais-Muyovozi Ramsar Site. This site faces a number of threats, especially agricultural and livestock encroachment, and management action is limited.
Tanzania. Tanzania’s faith community is a major provider of health services, and its faith hospitals and clinic networks are among the best in the region. These FBOs have CHW networks, and the country has had a national CHW program for many years. But unlike its neighbors, CHWs in Tanzania cannot provide injectable contraceptives. Contraceptive prevalence is slightly higher in urban areas than rural ones (35 percent versus 31 percent [DHS 2015–16]) but much less in last-mile communities. An important challenge is the need to educate senior politicians about the benefits of family planning. The group outlined the following priorities: Advocate for donors to provide funding to engage FBOs directly to the existing structures, denominations, and networks, rather than going through other faith or secular international NGOs, by the end of September 2020 Identify champions in denominations/FBO settings to help disseminate family planning strategies by the end of 2020 In the spirit of unity, advocate for family planning and promote issues with various religious denominations in Tanzania, with emphasis on defining, discussing, and adopting acceptable practices in each denomination by September 2021 Empower religious leaders with family planning knowledge, advocacy tools, and religious texts in their respective denomination by September 2021 Uganda is developing rapidly. It has a well-coordinated faith community for family planning; for example, the Uganda Muslim Medical Bureau, Uganda Catholic Medical Bureau, and the Uganda Protestant Medical Bureau meet regularly and have outstanding advocacy for HTSP at all levels. As in other East African countries, urban contraceptive availability is good, but lower in rural communities (41 versus 33 percent [DHS]). Uganda has high teenage pregnancy. The Uganda group had specific objectives and timeframes: Establish an inter-faith technical working group or community of practice by 2020 Strengthen the role of FBOs by training religious leaders to increase awareness of family planning by 2021 Develop and disseminate faith-appropriate information, education, and communication materials and trainings on family planning by 2021 Document family planning success stories by 2021 Conduct research on the use of contraceptives within faith-based health facility catchment areas among young people by 2021 Participants formed country-specific WhatsApp groups to remain in contact with and help each other accountable. They agreed that...
Tanzania. Tanzanian environmental legislation is complex. Tanganyika (now mainland Tanzania) and Zanzibar (the islands of Pemba and Unguja) united to become one country in 1964. Tanzania’s subsequent constitution distinguishes between union and non-union matters. The environment is a non-union matter resulting in separate legislation and administrative authorities governing environmental issues and marine fisheries for mainland Tanzania and Zanzibar. An exception is the Deep Sea Fishing Authority Act (1998), which is a union matter and is common to both. To further complicate matters, the Tanzanian administration is decentralizing, vesting district councils with greater authority. The constitution does not have explicit provisions on environmental protection and management. However, there are comprehensive legal and institutional frameworks for coastal and marine environments. Despite this, environmental legislation, which is sector based, tends to overlap and conflict. This dilutes the legal protection for coastal and marine environments (UNEP 2009b). Tanzania’s customary law is often at odds with its statutory law and is diminishing in importance as the body of written law expands to cover areas hitherto under customary laws and practice (Mgaya and Juma, 2001). The National Environmental Management Act (NEMA) (2004), which applies to the sustainable management of the environment in mainland Tanzania, overrides other environmental laws. Other laws are scattered across various sectors (Mgaya and Juma 2001). Tourism legislation—the Hotels Ordinance (1963) and the Tourist Agents Licensing Act (1969)—encourages development. This has tended to stress coastal habitats. Forests are governed by the Forest Ordinance Chapter 389 (1957) as amended variously in 1964, 1979 and 1991, and the Tanzania Forestry Research Institute Act (1980). Mining and extraction legislation includes the Petroleum (Exploration and Production) Act (1980), the Mining Act (1998), and the Mining (Environmental Management and Protection) Regulations
Tanzania. University of Dar es Salaam Economic Research Bureau inter-faculty Graduate School of International Cooperation Studies 2007.
Tanzania. The proposed TBCA already has an impressive network of gazetted marine protected areas. Each are managed by the responsible national agency according to their mandates. A brief description of the current management arrangements under the MPRU (Tanzania) and KWS (Kenya) is presented below. Figure 2 shows the 5 marine protected areas in Tanga Region. These are, from south to north, TACMP, Ulenge Island Marine Reserve, Kwale Island Marine Reserve, Mwewe Island Marine Reserve, and Kirui Island Marine Reserve. TACMP is one of 3 gazetted Marine Parks under Tanzanian legislation, while the smaller islands are part of a network of 15 Marine Reserves. There are 4 categories of MPA in Tanzania: 5 Conservation and sustainable management of Kenya’s marine and coastal resources, xxxx://xxx.xxxxxxxxxx.xxx/projects/wetlands/marine?format=pdf □ Marine Parks – larger, with resident communities, and allow multiple uses, although a zonation system is used including core zones, specified use zones, general use zones, and a buffer zone. □ Marine Reserves – smaller, and are no take zones □ Collaborative Fisheries Management Areas (CFMAs) □ Community Managed Areas (CMAs) In some areas Privately Managed MPAs have been established through contractual agreement (eg. Chumbe Island in Zanzibar (TACMP GMP, 2011; Manager TACMP, pers comm.). The objectives of MPAs in Tanzania are to protect, conserve and restore species and genetic diversity; stimulate rational development of underutilized natural resources; promote sustainable use of resources; recovery of over-exploited or damaged areas and resources; ensure stakeholder and user involvement; and promote community-oriented education and dissemination of information. TACMP was gazetted as a Marine Park in August 2009 under Government Notice No. 307 of the MPRs Act No. 29 of 1994 and covers an area of 552 km2 . The smaller islands were established as Reserves in 2010 under GN 212 of the MPRs Act No. 29 of 1994. Marine parks and reserves in Tanga are managed under the institutional framework illustrated in Figure 13 below. Figure 13. Institutional structure under which the TACMP and the Tanga Marine Reserves are managed. The TACMP has 45,000 people living in the park, in 9 villages and 9 city suburbs. Eighteen Village Liaison Committees (VLCs), and 18 community Enforcement Units assist in collaborative management of the Park. The Park personnel are guided by the Marine Parks and Reserves Act of 1994 and the MPRs strategic plan. TACMP has ...
Tanzania skall till Sverige översända, så snart de färdigställts, de handlingar som tillställts bankens styrelse, styrelsens beslut samt avtalshandlingarna (inklusive utbetal ningschemat) mellan banken och vederbö xxxxx industriföretag angående alla industri projekt som skall finansieras xx xxxxxx med lånemedel. Efter att ha mottagit de i föregående mening nämnda handlingarna skall Sverige kvartalsvis till Tanzania er lägga de xx xxxxxx under närmast före gående kvartal remitterade beloppen, i en lighet med xxxxxxxx, med industriföretag in gångna avtal för finansiering av rimliga kostnader för varor och tjänster i samband med industriprojekt, angående vilka Xxx xxxxx inom 60 xxxxx efter styrelsens god kännande meddelat Sverige att xx xxxxx sieras med lånemedel.
Tanzania skall till Sverige lämna xxxxx på bemyndigandet av den person xxxxx de personer som på Tanzanias vägnar i enlig het med avtalet skall vidtaga åtgärd xxxxx utställa handling samt bestyrkt prov på var xx xxxxx persons namnteckning.
Tanzania. The analysis reported 5,586 pregnancy events in the last three years among women of reproductive age in the unweighted analysis for Tanzania (Appendix B). Of these pregnancy events, 98.2% occurred among HIV-negative women, 0.6% occurred among HIV-positive women not on ART, and 1.3% occurred among HIV-positive women on ART. Of the 72 pregnancy events that occurred among HIV-positive women on ART, 13.9% occurred among those on ART less than 6 months, 15.3% occurred among those on ART between 6 and 12 months, 9.7% occurred among those on ART between 12 and 18 months, and 61.1% occurred among those on ART more than 18 months. The highest pregnancy incidence rates observed in Tanzania were for HIV-positive women on ART less than 6 months (Rate: 156.0, 95% CI: 24.3, 287.8) and HIV-negative women (Rate: 127.4, 95% CI: 122.2, 132.7). HIV-positive women on ART between 12 and 18 months (Rate: 124.0, 95% CI: 9.0, 239.0) and HIV-positive women not on ART (Rate: 109.5, 95% CI: 67.3, 151.6) also reported relatively high pregnancy rates. Meanwhile, HIV-positive women on ART between 12 and 18 months (Rate: 65.9, 95% CI: 13.0, 118.8) and HIV-positive women on ART more than 18 months (Rate: 62.1, 95% CI: 40.2, 84.0) reported low pregnancy incidence rates. According to Model 1, the hazard of pregnancy for HIV-positive women not on ART (HR: 0.85; 95% CI: 0.57, 1.25; p=0.38) was not significantly different than that for HIV-negative women. The hazard of pregnancy for HIV-positive women on ART (HR: 0.66; 95% CI: 0.47, 0.93; p=0.02), however, was 34% less than the hazard for HIV-negative women. There were no differences observed in the association between time to pregnancy and time on ART for either HIV-positive women on ART <1 year (HR: 0.67; 95% CI: 0.28, 1.59; p=0.35) or HIV-positive women on ART >1 year (HR: 0.64; 95% CI: 0.39, 1.04; p=0.07). According to the reported unweighted data, 3,595 recent pregnancy events were identified among women of reproductive age in Zambia (Appendix B). Of these pregnancy events, 96.4% occurred among HIV-negative women, 1.0% occurred among HIV-positive women not on ART, and 2.6% occurred among HIV-positive women on ART. Of the 94 pregnancy events that occurred between 6 and 12 months (Rate: 135.8, 95% CI: 66.9, 204.8) and HIV-negative women (Rate: 130.5, 95% CI: 124.8, 136.3) also reported high rates of pregnancy. The lowest rates of pregnancy incidence were reported for HIV-positive women not on ART (Rate: 74.8, 95% CI: 48.4, 101.2), HIV-posi...
Tanzania. 19951005 General Agreement on Cooperation in the Economic, Scientific, Technical and Cultural Fields. 19990612 Memorandum of Agreement on Granting of an Export Permit by the National Conventional Arms Control Committee. 20050922 Agreement for the Avoidance of Double Taxation and the Prevention of Fiscal Evasion with Respect to Taxes on Income 20050922 Agreement for the Promotion and Reciprocal Protection of Investments 20050922 Agreement on the Establishment of a Presidential Economic Commission 20070405 Agreement concerning Merchant Shipping and other Related Matters. 20070405 Entry into force:20070604 Agreement on Cooperation in areas of Migration Matters. 20070405 Agreement regarding the Waiver of Visa requirement for holders of Diplomatic, Service and Official Passports.
Tanzania. A PhD study is being conducted by Xxxxxxx Xxxxxxx, a student from the University of Massachusetts, and supported by the ICF/EWT Partnership and Xxxx Xxxxx, looking at Grey Crowned Crane distribution, breeding and reasons for their decline. A Community-based Crane and Wetland Conservation Programme under NatureUganda, and in partnership with the International Crane Foundation / Endangered Wildlife Trust, has been active since 2002 at Kaku Kiyanja, Nyumuriro and Kabale Wetlands and in Busheny in Uganda. Nature and Livelihoods, a local NGO, partnered with the ICF/EWT Partnership in 2014 to survey Grey Crowned Cranes in the eastern parts of Uganda. They are also looking at a number of small scale projects and studies. Most of Zambia’s Grey Crowned Cranes are found in protected areas. Although being afforded considerable protection, mammals are the primary focus of attention and little attention is given to birds in general. That said, Grey Crowned Cranes are a considerable tourist attraction and hence do have national value. The ICF/EWT Partnership, in collaboration with the Zambian Wildlife Authority recently initiated the Zambian Crane and Wetlands Conservation Project. This project will focus on monitoring, threat mitigation and research to better understand the species. BirdLife Zimbabwe regularly conducts monitoring and community based conservation in the Driefontein Grasslands, with a focus on cranes. There is also currently a project being conducted under the Conservation Leadership Programme around human-wildlife conflict around cranes and crop damage A number of countries have active Important Bird Area projects which include Site Support Groups, monitoring and community projects.
